Convergence to a stationary state and diffusion for a charged particle in a standing medium (Q1115042): Difference between revisions

Consider a system of infinite many particles on \({\mathbb{R}}_+\). Let \(x=\{(q_ i(x),v_ i(x)\}^{\infty}_{i=0}\) denote the positions and velocities of the particles, respectively, labelled in such a way that \(q_ i\geq q_{i-1}\) and if \(q_ i=q_{i-1}\) then \(v_ i>v_{i-1}\). All particles are point-like, have the same mass 1 and interact only by elastic collisions. Velocities at collision are prescribed to be the outgoing ones. The test particle \((q_ 0,v_ 0)\) is subject to a constant positive force. No force acts on the other particles. At time \(t=0\), \(v_ i=0\), \(i=0,1,2,..\). and \(q_ 0=0\). The distances \(\xi_ i=q_ i-q_{i-1}\) are i.i.d. with distribution F satisfying: i) There is a \(\lambda_ 0>0\) such that \(\int \exp (\lambda u)dF(u)<\infty\) for \(\lambda <\lambda_ 0;\) ii) \(d=\inf \{x: F(x)=0\}>0\) and \(2\sqrt{d}>\int u dF(u)/\int \sqrt{u}dF(u).\) This initial measure for the system is denoted by \(\mu_ 0\). Let \(q_ 0(t,x)\) be the position of the test particle at time t. The authors prove the following \(result:\) q\({}_ 0(t,x)/t\) converges \(\mu_ 0\)-a.e. to a positive constant \(\bar v_ 0\) as \(t\to \infty\); for some \(\sigma >0\), \((q_ 0(\lambda t,x)- \bar v_ 0\lambda t)/\sigma \sqrt{t}\) converges weakly to the Wiener measure in the Skorokhod space \({\mathbb{D}}[0,1]\) as \(t\to \infty\).