A note on approximation of holomorphic functions by exponentials (Q1585255): Difference between revisions

The paper is devoted to approximation of holomorphic functions in the complex domain \(G\subset{\mathbb C}^N\) by exponentials. The author obtains some sufficient conditions for the linear span \(M(S)\) of exponentials \[ \{exp(c_1g_1+\dots+c_Ng_N): (c_1,\dots,c_N)\in S, g_j\in A_j, j=1,\dots,N\} \] to be dense in the space \(H(G)\) of holomorphic functions in \(G\). Here \(S\) is a nonempty subset of \({\mathbb C}^N\), \(G\) is a domain in \({\mathbb C}^N\), \(A_1,\dots,A_N\) are \(N\) families of functions in \(H(G)\) such that the linear span of \[ \{g_1^{k_1}\cdot\dots\cdot g_N^{k_N}: k_j\in{\mathbb N}\cup\{0\}, g_j\in A_j, j=1,\dots,N\} \] is dense in \(H(G)\). In the case \(N=1\) the author assumes that \(S=\{c_n: n\in{\mathbb N}, c_n\neq 0\}\) is a sequence of distinct complex numbers. To obtain the results the author defines the ''generalized'' Laplace transform of \(L\in H(G)^*\) by \[ \widehat{L}(w)= L(exp(w_1G_1+\dots+w_NG_N)),\quad w=(w_1,\dots,w_N)\in{\mathbb C}^N. \] Here \(G_j(z)=g_j(z)-b_j\), \(j=1,\dots,N\), \(z\in G\), \(b=(b_1,\dots,b_N)\) is a fixed point in \({\mathbb C}^N\), \(g_j\) are fixed functions from \(A_j\). For \(N\geq 2\) the main results are formulated in terms of a circumscribed radius of \(G\): \[ R(G)=\inf_{b\in{\mathbb C}^N}\sup_{z\in G}|z-b| \] and the following characteristic: \[ V(a,r)=\int_0^{|r|}\Biggl( {1\over s}\int_0^{2\pi}\dots\int_0^{2\pi} n(0,S,\lambda(\alpha,r);s) d\alpha_1\dots d\alpha_{N-1} \Biggr) ds. \] Here \(r\in(0,+\infty)^N\), \(a\in{\mathbb C}^N\), \[ \lambda(\alpha,r)= \biggl({r_1\over{|r|}}e^{i\alpha_1},\dots, {r_{N-1}\over{|r|}}e^{i\alpha_{N-1}},{r_N\over{|r|}} \biggr), \] and \(n(a,S,\lambda;t)\) (\(|\lambda|=1\)) denotes the number of points of \(S\) lying on the ''complex segment'' \[ L(a,\lambda,t)=\{(a_1+\lambda_1\zeta,\dots, a_N+\lambda_N\zeta): |\zeta|\leq t\} \] of the complex affine straight line \(L(a,\lambda)=\{(a_1+\lambda_1\zeta,\dots, a_N+\lambda_N\zeta): \zeta\in{\mathbb C}\}\). For \(N=1\) the results are formulated in terms of \(R(G)\) and the number of points of \(S\) lying on the closed disc \(\{|\zeta|\leq t\}\). The author presents several examples illustrating applications of the main results. In particular, he obtains a sufficient condition when \(G\) is a Runge domain. As a corollary the author easily obtains the result of \textit{G. Godefroy} and \textit{J. H. Shapiro} [J. Funct. Anal. 98, No. 2, 229-269 (1991; Zbl 0732.47016)] on the density in \(H({\mathbb C}^N)\) of the linear span of \(\{exp(cz): c\in V\}\), where \(V\) is a nonempty open subset of \({\mathbb C}^N\).