Non-existence of subordinate solutions for Jacobi operators in some critical cases (Q1946567): Difference between revisions

According to the Gilbert-Pearson theory of subordinacy (see [\textit{D. J. Gilbert} and \textit{D. B. Pearson}, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 128, 30--56 (1987; Zbl 0666.34023)]), existence (or nonexistence) of subordinate solutions plays a crucial role in the study of spectral types of Schrödinger and Jacobi operators. The following problem arises in the study of absolutely continuous spectra of Jacobi matrices (see, e.g., [\textit{J. Janas}, J. Difference Equ. Appl. 12, No. 6, 597--618 (2006; Zbl 1100.39009)]): Let \(J\) be a self-adjoint Jacobi matrix acting on \(l^2(\mathbb{N})\). Let also \(u_+\) and \(u_-\) be two linearly independent solutions of the difference equation \(\tau\, u=\lambda\, u\) associated with \(J\) and some fixed \(\lambda\in \mathbb{R}\). Assume that \[ u_\pm(n)=\psi_\pm(n)s_\pm(n),\quad n\in\mathbb{N}, \] where \(s_\pm(n)\to s_\pm\) as \(n\to\infty\) and \(\psi_+(n)\) and \(\psi_-(n)\) are connected in some ``good way'' for all sufficiently large \(n\in\mathbb{N}\). The problem is to find conditions on \(\psi_\pm\) and \(s_\pm\) such that \(\tau\, u=\lambda\, u\) has no subordinate solutions. One of the main results obtained by the author is the following theorem (see Theorem 4.2): Let \(\psi_+(n)=z(n)\psi_-(n)\quad\text{for all sufficiently large} \;n\in\mathbb{N}\) and set \(\gamma_n:=|\psi_-(n)|\), \(n\in\mathbb{N}\). Suppose that (i) \(z\in l^\infty(\mathbb{N})\), (ii) \(s_-\in l^\infty(\mathbb{N})\) and \(\liminf_{n}|s_-(n)|>0\), (iii) there is \(\kappa\neq 0\) such that \(s_+(n)=\kappa\, s_-(n)(1+o(1))\) as \(n\to\infty\). Then the difference equation \(\tau\,u=\lambda u\) has a subordinate solutions if and only if the sequence \(\{z(n)\}_{n=1}^\infty\) is \(\gamma,2\)-convergent, that is, there is \(z_0\in\mathbb{C}\) such that \[ \lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\sum_{n=1}^N\gamma_n|z(n)-z_0|^2}{\sum_{n=1}^N\gamma_n}=0. \] Moreover, in this case, \(u_+ - \kappa z_0 u_-\) is a subordinate solution.