Relative Galois module structure and Steinitz classes of dihedral extensions of degree 8 (Q1969131): Difference between revisions

The first part of this paper deals with classes of group rings. Let \(K\) be a number field with ring of integers \({\mathcal O}_K\), and let \(G\) be a finite group. Let \(M\) be a maximal \({\mathcal O}_K\)-order in \(k[G]\) containing \({\mathcal O}_K[G]\), and let \(Cl(M)\) denote the class group of \(M\). Let \(R(M)\) denote the set of classes \(c \in Cl(M)\) such that there exist at most tamely ramified extensions \(N/K\) with Galois group \(G\) and such that the class of \(M \otimes_{{\mathcal O}_K[G]} {\mathcal O}_N\) is \(c\). If the class number of \(K\) is odd and if \(K\) does not contain a square root of \(-1\), then it is shown that \(R(M)\) coincides with the kernel of the map \(Cl(M) \rightarrow Cl(K)\) induced by augmentation \(M \rightarrow {\mathcal O}_K\), and that this kernel consists of four copies of \(Cl(K)\). Next let \(L/K\) be an extension of number fields of relative degree \(n\), and let \({\mathcal O}_K\) and \({\mathcal O}_L\) denote their rings of integers. It is known that there is an ideal \({\mathfrak a}\) in \({\mathcal O}_K\) such that \({\mathcal O}_L \simeq ({\mathcal O}_K)^{n-1} \oplus {\mathfrak a}\). Its ideal class in the class group of \(K\) is called the Steinitz class of the extension \(L/K\). The author proves the following results about Steinitz classes: 1) Fix a number field \(K\); for any triple \((c_1,c_2, c_3)\) of ideal classes in \(K\), there exist tame quadratic extensions \(K_i/K\) (\(i = 1, 2, 3\)) such that \(c_i\) is the Steinitz class of \(K_i/K\) and such that the compositum \(K_1K_2/K\) can be embedded in a tame octic dihedral extension. 2) The Steinitz classes of quadratic (biquadratic) extensions embeddable in tame dihedral extensions of degree 8 exhaust the class group of \(K\). 3) If \(K\) has odd class number, then the Steinitz classes of tame dihedral extensions \(N/K\) of degree 8 exhaust the class group of \(K\).