Dispersing representations of semi-simple subalgebras of complex matrices (Q2133680): Difference between revisions

Let \(\mathbb{M}_{m}\) denote the algebra of all complex \(m\times m\) matrices. Suppose that \(\mathcal{A}\) and \(\mathcal{B}\) are semisimple subalgebras of \( \mathbb{M}_{n}\). The authors consider the problem of determining, in terms of the structures of \(\mathcal{A}\) and \(\mathcal{B}\), the maximum of \(\dim P^{\bot }(\mathcal{A\oplus B)}P\), with \( P^{\bot }:=I-P\), as \(P\) runs over the orthogonal projections of rank \(n\) in \( \mathbb{M}_{2n}\). They discover some interesting equivalences. For example, the extreme value of the above maximum equals the maximum of \(\dim (\mathcal{A+}S^{-1}\mathcal{B}S)\) as \(S\) runs over \(\mathrm{GL}(n, \mathbb{C})\). This maximum can also be determined by finding the minimum of \(\dim (\mathcal{A\cap }S^{-1}\mathcal{B}S)\) for \(S\in \mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{C})\) since for any subspaces \(\mathcal{X}\) and \(\mathcal{Y}\) we have \(\dim ( \mathcal{X+Y)+}\dim (\mathcal{X\cap Y)=}\dim (\mathcal{X)+}\dim (\mathcal{Y)} \). The authors show that the same extreme values are obtained when the group \(\mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{C})\) is replaced by the group \(\mathrm{U}(n,\mathbb{C})\) of unitary matrices. Most of the results are too complicated to be described here but, for example, the case where there exists \(S\in \mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{C})\) such that \(\dim \mathcal{A\cap }S^{-1}\mathcal{B}S=1\) is completely characterized in terms of the decompositions of \(\mathcal{A}\) and \(\mathcal{B}\) into direct sums of complete matrix algebras.