The normal and self-extensional extension of Dunn-Belnap logic (Q2198314): Difference between revisions

\medskip: A logic is \textit{self-extensional} if it has the \textit{replacement property}; a logic \textit{has an implication} if it enjoys the \textit{ classical deduction theorem}. The main result of the paper is to show that (up to the choice of the primitive connectives) there is exactly one self-extensional 4-valued expansion with an implication of Belnap-Dunn 4-valued logic (cf. Theorem 4.6). This expansion is built as follows. Let \( \{t,f,\top ,\bot \}\) be the set of truth-values of Belnap and Dunn's matrix \( \mathcal{FOUR}\). And let \(T=\{t,\top \}\) and \(F=\{f,\bot \}\). The author expands \(\mathcal{FOUR}\) by adding a conditional function \(I\) defined for all formulas \(A,B\), as follows: \(T\in I(A\rightarrow B)\) iff \(T\notin I(A)\) or \(T\in I(B)\); \(F\in I(A\rightarrow B)\) iff \(F\notin I(A)\) and \(F\in I(B)\). Using the techniques of \textit{A. Avron} et al. [Theory of effective propositional paraconsistent logics. London: College Publications (2018; Zbl 1448.03001)], the author provides a Gentzen-type system (with cut-elimination) and then a deductively equivalent Hilbert-style system, \(H_{\mathrm{SE4}}\). It has to be remarked that a (definitionally) Hilbert-type system equivalent to \(H_{\mathrm{SE4}}\), PŁ4, had previously been defined in the literature (cf. [\textit{J. M. Méndez} and \textit{G. Robles}, Log. Univers. 9, No. 4, 501--522 (2015; Zbl 1373.03026)]): \(H_{\mathrm{SE4}}\) is defined with \( \rightarrow ,\wedge ,\vee \) and \(\lnot \), while PŁ4 is defined only with \( \rightarrow ,\lnot \)). Moreover, in [\textit{N. Kamide} and \textit{H. Omori}, Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 10455, 79--93 (2017; Zbl 1496.03104)], it is noted that the logics \(\mathrm{BD}_{+}\), FDEP and PM4N (cf. [\textit{M. De} and \textit{H. Omori}, Stud. Log. 103, No. 4, 825--851 (2015; Zbl 1373.03029); \textit{J.-Y. Béziau}, Log. Anal., Nouv. Sér. 54, No. 213, 109--121 (2011; Zbl 1228.03003)], respectively) are equivalent to PŁ4, and so, to \(H_{\mathrm{SE4}}\).