Extending Landau-Ginzburg models to the point (Q2206016): Difference between revisions

Fully extended Topological Quantum Field Theory (TQFT) is an attempt to capture the quantum field theoretic notion of locality in a simplified rigorous setting as well as a source of functorial topological invariants, being formulated, in dimension \(n\), as a symmetric monoidal \(\left(\infty,n\right)\)-functor from a certain category of bordisms with extra geometric structure to some symmetric monoidal \(\left( \infty,n\right)\)-category \(\mathcal{C}\). The requirement that such functors must respect structure and relations among bordisms of all dimensions from \(0\) to \(n\) is pretty restrictive. In particular, the \textit{cobordism hypothesis} [\textit{J. C. Baez} and \textit{J. Dolan}, J. Math. Phys. 36, No. 11, 6073--6105 (1995; Zbl 0863.18004); \textit{J. Lurie}, in: Current developments in mathematics, 2008. Somerville, MA: International Press. 129--280 (2009; Zbl 1180.81122); \textit{D. Ayala} and \textit{J. Francis}, ``The cobordism hypothesis'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1705.02240}] claims that, in the case of bordisms with framings, a TQFT is aleady determined by what it assigns to the point, and that fully extended TQFTs with values in \(\mathcal{C}\) are equivalent to fully dualizable objects in \(\mathcal{C}\). On the other hand, fully extended TQFTs on oriented bordisms are argued to be described by homotopy fixed points of an induced \(\mathit{SO}\left(n\right)\)-action on fully dualizable objects. This paper is concerned with fully extended TQFTs in dimension \(n=2\). Following [\textit{C. J. Schommes-Pries}, ``The classification of two-dimensional extended topological field theories'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1112.1000}; \url{http://www.chimaira.org/archive/DualsTricategories\_TheThesis.pdf}], the authors take an \textit{extended framed} (or \textit{oriented}) \(2\) \textit{-dimensional TQFT with values in a symmetric monoidal bicategory} \(\mathcal{B}\) (called the \textit{target}) to be a symmetric monoidal \(2\)-functor \[ \mathcal{Z}:\mathrm{Bord}_{2,1,0}^{\sigma}\rightarrow\mathcal{B} \] where \(\sigma=\mathrm{fr}\) or \(\sigma=\mathrm{or}\), and \(\mathrm{Bord}_{2,1,0}^{\sigma}\) is the bicategory of points, \(1\)-manifolds with boundary and \(2\)-manifolds with corners. On the one hand, the dominant example of the target \(\mathcal{B}\)\ is the bicategory \(\mathrm{Alg}_{k}\) of finite-dimensional \(k\)-algebras, finite-dimensional bimodules and bimodule maps, where \(k\)\ is some field. With due regard to the cobordism hypothesis, one can see that extended framed TQFTs with values in \(\mathrm{Alg}_{k}\)\ are classified by finite-dimensional separable \(k\)-algebras [\textit{C. J. Schommes-Pries}, ``The classification of two-dimensional extended topological field theories'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1112.1000}; \textit{J. Lurie}, in: Current developments in mathematics, 2008. Somerville, MA: International Press. 129--280 (2009; Zbl 1180.81122)], while in the oriented case the classification is in terms of separable symmetric Frobenius \(k\)-algebras [\textit{J. Hesse} et al., Theory Appl. Categ. 32, 652--681 (2017; Zbl 1377.18003)]. On the other hand, non-separable algebras arise prominently in non-extended TQFTs \[ \mathcal{Z}_{\mathrm{ne}}:\mathrm{Bord}_{2,1}^{\sigma}\rightarrow\mathcal{V} \] which are equivalent to commutative Frobenius algebras in a symmetric monoidal \(1\)-category \(\mathcal{V}\)\ . Important examples are the categories of vector spaces, possibly with \(\mathbb{Z}_{2}\)- or \(\mathbb{Z}\)-grading. In \(\mathcal{V}=\mathrm{Vect}_{k}^{\mathbb{Z}_{2}}\) or \(\mathcal{V}=\mathrm{Vect}_{k}^{\mathbb{Z}}\), Dolbeault cohomologies of Calabi-Yau manifolds serve as exmaples of non-separable commutative Frobenius algebras describing B-twisted sigma models. The Jacobi algebras \[ k\left[ x_{1},\dots,x_{n}\right] /\left( \partial_{1}W,\dots,\partial_{n}W\right) \] of isolated singularities described by polynomials \(W\) are another class of examples of generically non-separable Frobenius algebras whose associated TQFTs are Landau-Ginzburg models with potential \(W\). The authors are interested in the question how sigma models and Landau-Ginzburg models relate to fully extended TQFTs. A non-extended \(2\)-dimensional TQFT \[ \mathcal{Z}_{\mathrm{ne}}:\mathrm{Bord}_{2,1}^{\sigma}\rightarrow\mathcal{B} \] is to be extended to the point provided that there is a symmetric monoidal bicategory \(\mathcal{B}\)\ and an extended TQFT \[ \mathcal{Z}:\mathrm{Bord}_{2,1,0}^{\sigma}\rightarrow\mathcal{B} \] with \(\mathbb{I}_{\mathcal{B}}\in\mathcal{B}\) the unit object and \(\phi=\mathbb{I}_{\mathrm{Bord}_{2,1,0}^{\sigma}}\) holding \[ \mathcal{V}\widetilde{=}\mathrm{End}_{\mathcal{B}}\left( \mathbb{I}_{\mathcal{B}}\right) \text{ and }\mathcal{Z}_{\mathrm{ne}}\widetilde{=}\mathcal{Z\mid}\mathrm{End}_{\mathrm{Bord}_{2,1,0}^{\sigma}}\left( \phi\right) \] The authors hold the creed that the extendability of the known classes of non-separable TQFTs is captured by the motto that if a non-extended \(2\)-dimensional TQFT\(\mathcal{Z}_{\mathrm{ne}}\) \ is a restriction of an appropriate defect TQFT\ \(\mathcal{Z}_{\mathrm{ne}}^{\mathrm{def}}\) , then \(\mathcal{Z}_{\mathrm{ne}}\) \ can be extended to the point, at least as a framed theory, with the bicategory \(\mathcal{B}_{\mathcal{Z}_{\mathrm{ne}}^{\mathrm{def}}}\)\ associated to \(\mathcal{Z}_{\mathrm{ne}}^{\mathrm{def}}\) \ as target. This paper, consisting of three sections, aims to make this precise for Landau-Ginzburg models. \S 2 collects the data that the bicategory of Landau-Ginzburg models \(\mathcal{LG}\)\ with a symmetric monoidal structure in which every object has a dual and every \(1\)-morphism has left and right adjoints. \S 3 addresses TQFTs with values in \(\mathcal{LG}\)\ and \(\mathcal{LG}^{\mathrm{gr}}\). The authors firstly review framed and oriented \(2\)-\(1\)-\(0\)-extended TQFTs and their classification in terms of fully dualizable objects and trivializable Serre automorphisms, respectively. It is then observed that every object \[ W\equiv\left( k\left[ x_{1},\dots,x_{n}\right] ,W\right) \] in \(\mathcal{LG}\)\ or \(\mathcal{LG}^{\mathrm{gr}}\)\ gives rise to an extended framed TQFT, and it is precisely shown when \(W\)\ determines an oriented theory. It is also shown how the extended framed or oriented TQFTs recover the Jacobi algebras \(\mathrm{Jac}_{W}\)\ as commutative Frobenius \(k\)-algebras, and it is explained how a construction of \textit{M. Khovanov} and \textit{L. Rozansky} [Fundam. Math. 199, No. 1, 1--91 (2008; Zbl 1145.57009); Fundam. Math. 199, No. 1, 1--91 (2008; Zbl 1145.57009)] is to be recovered as a special case of the cobordism hypothesis.