Extending states on finite concrete logics (Q5920652): Difference between revisions

A \textit{set-representable quantum logic} \(\Delta\) is a subset of the powerset \(2^X\) of some finite set \(X\) which is closed under complements and disjoint unions, and contains \(X\). Any mapping \(m\) of \(\Delta\) into the reals which is additive on disjoint sets is called a \textit{signed measure}. If \(m\) is nonnegative and \(m(X)=1\), then \(m\) is called a \textit{state}. The authors continue among others work from De Simone and Pták (unpublished), \textit{P. Pták} [Int. J. Theor. Phys. 39, 827--837 (2000; Zbl 0965.03076)], \textit{P. G. Ovchinnikov} [Proc. Am Math. Soc. 127, No. 7, 1957--1966 (1999; Zbl 0921.03058)], \textit{K. Svozil} [Quantum Logic (Springer, Singapore) (1998; Zbl 0922.03084)], \textit{F. F. Sultanbekov} [Konstr. Teor. Funkts. Funkts. Anal. 8, 57--68 (1992; Zbl 0825.03057)], \textit{M. Navara} [Real Anal. Exch. 14, No. 1, 228--234 (1989; Zbl 0734.28015)], \textit{M. Navara} and \textit{P. Pták} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 60, 105--111 (1983; Zbl 0691.03045)]. They treat the problem of extending a given state \(s\) on \(\Delta \) to \(2^X\). Their results are: Let \(X_e\) denote the quantum logic of subsets of even cardinality of a set \(X\) of even cardinality. Then any state \(s\) on \(X_e\) may be extended to a signed measure on \(2^X\) (Thm. 2.3) which in general cannot be chosen to be a state. Also, this theorem cannot be generalized to logics \(\Delta \) closed with respect to symmetric differences (Example 2.6). However, let \(\Delta \) be such a logic on \(X\) whose intersections of pairs of sets generate all atoms of a Boolean algebra on \(X\), and let \(m\) be a signed measure on \(2^X\) which extends a state \(s\) on \(\Delta \). Then \( m\) is even a state iff \(s\) is subadditive. In view of 2.3 it is interesting (Example 2.10) that there exists a difference-closed logic and a state \(s\) on it which admits no extension to a signed measure on \(2^X\).