Berezin-type operators on the cotangent bundle of a nilpotent group (Q2328211): Difference between revisions

Let \(G\) be a connected simply connected nilpotent Lie group with unit \(e\), Haar measure \(dx\), unitary dual \(\widehat{G}\), \(\mathfrak{g}\) be the Lie algebra of \(G\) and \(\mathfrak{g}^\sharp\) its dual. Quantization formulas for the general nilpotent case have connections with the operator valued calculus on \(G\times \widehat{G}\) developed by many authors. The starting point is a Weyl system codifying the natural canonical commutation relations of the system. Indeed, the representation \(M: (\mathfrak{g}^\sharp, +) \rightarrow \mathbb{U}(L^2(G))\) obtained by the operator multiplication : \((M_\zeta u)(x)= e^{i\langle \log(x), \zeta\rangle}u(x)\) with left and right representations \( L, R\) defines the ``multiplications relations'' and infinitesimal commutation relations. With the unitary operator \(W(z, \zeta) = L_z M_\zeta \) for all \((z, \zeta)\in G\times \mathfrak{g}^\sharp =\Xi= T^\sharp G\) on \(L^2(G)\), the author induces the Wigner-Fourier transform: \[ \mathscr{W}_{u, v}(z, \zeta) = \langle W(z, \zeta) u, v\rangle = \int_G e^{i\langle \log(y), \zeta\rangle}u(z^{-1}y)\overline{v(y)}dy, \] which can be extended to a unitary map from \(L^2(G\times G)\) on \(L^2(G\times \mathfrak{g}^\sharp)\). For any \(\omega\) in the Schwartz space \(\mathcal{S}(G)\) and \((z, \zeta) \in G\times \mathfrak{g}^{\sharp}\), the author defines the normalised coherent state as a function on \(G\) by: \[ \omega_{z, \zeta}(x)= e^{i\langle \log(zx), \zeta\rangle}\omega(zx). \] By the associated rank one projector \(\Omega_{(z, \zeta)}(u)= \langle u, \omega_{(z, \zeta)}\rangle\omega_{(z, \zeta)}\), the Berezin operator associated to the symbol \(f\in L^2(G)\) is a positive operator in \(L^2(G)\), and is given by: \[ \mathsf{Ber}_\omega(f)= \int_G\int_{\mathfrak{g}^\sharp} f(x, \xi) \Omega_{(z, \zeta)}dx d\xi =\int_\Xi f(\mathcal{X})\Omega_{\mathcal{X}}d\mathcal{X}. \] If \(\mathcal{H}\) is a Hilbert space, one denotes by \(\mathbb{B}(\mathcal{H})\) the \(C^*-\)algebra of linear bounded operators and by \(\mathbb{B}^p(\mathcal{H})\) the bi-sided \(*\)-ideal of all Schatten-von Neumann operators of exponent \(p\geq 1\). The author proves: \[ \| \mathsf{Ber}_\omega(f)\|_{\mathbb{B}^p(L^2(G))}\leq 4^{\frac{1}{p}}\| f\|_{L^p(\Xi)}, \quad \forall p \in [1, \infty]. \] In particular, if \(f\in L^1(\Xi)\) (resp. \(\in C_0(G\times \mathfrak{g}^\sharp)\)), then \(\mathsf{Ber}_\omega(f)\) is a trace-class operator (resp. compact operator in \(L^2(G)\)). The covariant symbol is defined as \(\mathsf{cov}_\omega (T): \Xi\times \Xi \rightarrow \mathbb{C}\), for all operators \(T\in \mathbb{B}^p(L^2(G))\) and the kernel \(K_T: G\times G \rightarrow \mathbb{C} \) of the regularizing operator \(T\) is given by: \[ K_T(x, y)= \int_\Xi\int_\Xi [\mathsf{cov}_\omega(T)(\mathcal{Z}, \mathcal{Z}')\omega_{\mathcal{Z}'}(x) \bar{\omega_{\mathcal{Z}}}(y)d\mathcal{Z} d\mathcal{Z}'. \] Then the author computes the pseudo-differential symbol of a Berezin operator; the correspondence is no longer given by a convolution, as in the standard case. At last, he gives some complements for the quantization of the cotangent bundle \(T^\sharp G;= G\times \mathfrak{g}^\sharp\) by pseudo-differential operators, to which it is connected in an explicit way and he indicates \(\tau \)-quantizations and variable magnetic fields.