The structure of random homeomorphisms (Q2190043): Difference between revisions

Using notion of Haar null sets (see [\textit{J. P. R. Christensen}, Isr. J. Math. 13, 255--260 (1972; Zbl 0249.43002)]) the goal of the paper is the description of the non-Haar null conjugacy classes for several groups, such as the group \(\mathrm{Homeo}^+([0,1])\) of increasing homeomorphisms of the unit interval \({[0,1]}\), the group \(\mathrm{Homeo}^+(\mathbb{S}^1)\) of order-preserving homeomorphisms of the circle and the group \(\mathcal{U}(\ell^2)\) of unitary transformations of the separable, infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. In particular, the authors show that if the conjugacy class of \(U\in\mathcal{U}(\ell^2)\) is non-Haar null then the spectral measure of \(U\) is equivalent to the Lebesgue measure and the multiplicity function of \(U\) is constant Lebesgue almost everywhere. As a corollary of the main results, the authors prove that the groups \(\mathrm{Homeo}^+([0,1])\), \(\mathrm{Homeo}^+(\mathbb{S}^1)\) and the group \(\mathrm{Homeo}^+(\mathbb{D}^2)\) of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of the disc \(\mathbb{D}^2\) can be partitioned into a Haar null and a meagre set. For the group \(\mathcal{U}(\ell^2)\), it is a known fact from [\textit{M. P. Cohen} and \textit{R. R. Kallman}, Isr. J. Math. 215, No. 1, 1--30 (2016; Zbl 1358.43001)]. At the end of paper, the authors listed some open problems. An interesting open question is: are all conjugacy classes in \(\mathcal{U}(\ell^2)\) Haar null?