Choosing roots of polynomials with symmetries smoothly (Q2471408): Difference between revisions

Consider a curve of hyperbolic (i.e., with all roots real) polynomials \( P(t)(x)=x^n-a_1(t)x^{n-1}+a_2(t)x^{n-2}-\cdots+(-1)^na_n(t) \) of fixed degree \( n \) parametrized by a real variable \( t \). If the curve is smooth, it is known that a sufficient condition for the existence of a smooth parametrization of the corresponding roots is that no two of the increasingly ordered continuous roots meet of infinite order. In the present paper, the authors give refined sufficient conditions when the polynomials satisfy certain symmetries. It is also known that if the curve \( t\mapsto P(t) \) is \( C^{3n} \), then there is a twice differentiable parametrization of the roots. Under suitable symmetry properties, the authors are also able to lower the amount of regularity required to get such a parametrization. These improvements rely on results about the lifting of smooth curves over invariants for representations of compact Lie groups, as can be found for instance in a paper by \textit{A. Kriegl, M. Losik, P. W. Michor} and \textit{A. Rainer} [J. Lie Theory 16, No. 3, 579--600 (2006; Zbl 1112.22003)] and the references therein.