Weighted energy decay for 3D Klein-Gordon equation (Q2654041): Difference between revisions

It is considered the following 3D Klein-Gordon equation \[ {\ddot \psi}(x,t)=\Delta\psi(x,t)-m^2\psi(x,t)+V(x)\psi(x,t), \quad x\in\mathbb R^3,\;m>0, \] which in a vector form reads as \(i{\dot \Psi}(t)=\mathcal H\Psi(t)\), where \[ \Psi(t)=\begin{pmatrix} \psi(t)\\ {\dot \psi}(t)\end{pmatrix},\qquad \mathcal H=\begin{pmatrix} 0 & i\\ i(\Delta-m^2+V) & 0\end{pmatrix}. \] For \(s,\sigma\in\mathbb R\), it is denoted by \(H^s_{\sigma}:=H^s_{\sigma}(\mathbb R^3)\) the weighted Sobolev spaces with the finite norms \[ \|\psi\|_{H^s_{\sigma}}:=\|\left<x\right>^{\sigma}\left<\nabla \right>^s\psi\|_{L^2}<\infty,\quad \left<x\right>=(1+|x|^2)^{1/2}. \] It is assumed that \(V(x)\) is a real valued function, and \[ |V(x)|+|\nabla V(x)|\leq C\langle x\rangle^{-\beta}, \quad x\in\mathbb R^3, \] for some \(\beta>3\). Further, \(\mathcal F_{\sigma}\) denotes the complex Hilbert space \(H^1_{\sigma}\oplus H^0_{\sigma}\) of vector-functions \(\Psi=(\psi,\pi)\) with the finite norm \[ \|\Psi\|_{\mathcal F_{\sigma}}=\|\psi\|_{H^1_{\sigma}}+ \|\pi\|_{H^0_{\sigma}}<\infty. \] The authors consider the ``regular case'' which can be understood that the point \(\lambda=0\) is neither an eigenvalue nor a resonance for the Schrödinger operator \(H:=-\Delta+V(x)\). Then, the main result of the paper is the following dispersive long-time decay of the solutions: \[ \|\mathcal P_c\Psi(t)\|_{\mathcal F_{-\sigma}}=\mathcal O(|t|^{-3/2}),\quad t\to\pm\infty, \] for the initial datum \(\Psi_0=\Psi(0)\in\mathcal F_{\sigma}\) with \(\sigma>5/2\), where \(\mathcal P_c\) is a Riesz projector onto the continuous spectrum of the operator \(\mathcal H\). The authors also apply this result to prove the asymptotic completeness.