Rotfel'd type inequalities for norms (Q977475): Difference between revisions

Let \(A,B\in\mathbb{C}^{n\times n}\), let \(A\geq 0\) mean that \(A\) is Hermitian and nonnegative definite, and denote \(|A|=(A^*A)^\frac{1}{2}\). Let \(\|.\|\) be a norm on~\(\mathbb{C}^{n\times n}\), and let \(\|.\|_p\) denote the Schatten \(p\)-norm \((1\leq p\leq\infty)\). Consider a concave function~\(f:[0,\infty)\rightarrow [0,\infty)\). \textit{S.~Ju.~Rotfel'd} [Probl. Mat. Fiz. 3, Spektral'. Teor. 81--87 (1968; Zbl 0187.38101); English translation: Spectral Theory, Topics Math. Phys. 3, 73--78 (1969)] proved that \[ \|f(|A+B|)\|_1\leq\|f(|A|)+f(|B|)\|_1.\tag{1} \] \textit{J.-C.~Bourin} and \textit{M.~Uchiyama} [Linear Algebra Appl.~423, No.~2--3, 512--518 (2007; Zbl 1123.15013)] proved that if \(A,B\geq 0\) and \(\|.\|\) is symmetric (in other words, unitarily invariant), then \(\|f(A+B)\|\leq\|f(A)+f(B)\|\). (In particular, this holds for all ~\(\|.\|_p\)'s.) \textit{J.-C. Bourin} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc.~138, No.~2, 495--504 (2010; Zbl 1189.15027)] also showed that if \(A\) and \(B\) are normal and \(\|.\|\) is symmetric, then \(\|f(|A+B|)\|\leq\|f(|A|)+f(|B|)\|\). The present author gives another extension of (1). She proves that if \(f\) is geometrically convex (i.e., \(f(\sqrt{ab})\leq\sqrt{f(a)f(b)}\) for all \(a,b>0\)) and \(\|.\|\) is symmetric, then \[ \|f(|A+B|)\|\leq\|f(|A^*|)+f(|B^*|)\|^\frac{1}{2} \|f(|A|)+f(|B|)\|^\frac{1}{2}\leq\sqrt{2}\|f(|A|)+f(|B|)\|. \] She also conjectures that the assumption on geometric convexity of \(f\) can be omitted.