Nontrivial periodic solutions for asymptotically linear resonant difference problem (Q2497414): Difference between revisions

By combining minimax methods and Morse theory, the authors obtain results for the existence of nontrivial periodic solutions of second order difference equations of the form \[ \Delta^2 x_{n-1}+F^\prime(n,x_n)=0,\quad n\in \mathbb{Z}. \] where \(\Delta\) is the forward difference operator, \(F\in C^2\left(\mathbb{Z}\times R^N, \mathbb{R}\right)\) such that \(F(n,z)\) is \(T\)-periodic with respect to the first variable, and \(F^\prime(n,z)\) denotes the gradient of \(F\) with respect to the second variable. Furthermore, they assume that \(F^\prime\) satisfies the following asymptotically linear growth conditions. \[ \begin{aligned} &F^\prime(n,z)=A_\infty(n)z+o(| z| )\quad \text{as} \quad | z| \rightarrow \infty, \tag{H1}\\ &F^\prime(n,z)=A_0(n)z+o(| z| )\quad \text{as} \quad | z| \rightarrow 0,\tag{H2}\end{aligned} \] where \(A_\infty(n),~A_0(n)\) are \(N\times N\) symmetric and \(T\)-periodic matrices.