Étale cohomology of toric varieties defined by infinite fans (Q1919563): Difference between revisions

Let \(\Delta\) be a fan for a free \(\mathbb Z\)-module \(N\cong \mathbb Z^r\) of finite rank, and \(X\) the associated toric variety over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. -- In the notation explained below, the authors construct explicit isomorphisms \[ H^2 (K/X_{\text{et}},G_m) \cong H^2(X_{\text{Zar}}, {\mathcal O}^*_X) \cong H^1(\Delta, {\mathcal S} {\mathcal F}) \] when \(\Delta\) is an infinite fan, while the case of finite \(\Delta\) was already dealt with by \textit{F. R. DeMeyer}, \textit{T. J. Ford} and \textit{R. Miranda} [J. Algebr. Geom. 2, No. 1, 137--145 (1993; Zbl 0797.14017)]. As a consequence, any product of countably many cyclic groups is shown to appear as \(H^2(K/X_{\text{et}}, G_m)\) for some toric variety \(X\). Here is the explanation for the notation: \(H^2(K/X_{\text{et}}, G_m)\) is the subgroup of the second étale cohomology group of \(X\) with coefficients in the multiplicative group \(G_m\) consisting of those classes split by the function field \(K\) of \(X\), while \(H^2(X_{\text{Zar}}, {\mathcal O}^*_X)\) is the second Zariski cohomology group with coefficients in the sheaf \({\mathcal O}^*_X\) of units. Finally, \(H^1(\Delta, {\mathcal S} {\mathcal F})\) is the first cohomology group of the fan \(\Delta\) regarded as a topological space with coefficients in the sheaf \({\mathcal S} {\mathcal F}\) of support functions. The open sets of the topological space \(\Delta\) are defined to be the subfans, while the group of sections \({\mathcal S} {\mathcal F} (\Delta')\) of the sheaf \({\mathcal S} {\mathcal F}\) for a subfan \(\Delta' \subset\Delta\) consists of the support functions for \(\Delta'\), that is, real-valued functions on the support \(|\Delta'|: =\bigcup_{\sigma' \in\Delta'} \sigma'\), linear on each \(\sigma' \in\Delta'\) and integer-valued on \(\sigma' \cap N\).