Real and complex supersolvable line arrangements in the projective plane (Q2052826): Difference between revisions

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Real and complex supersolvable line arrangements in the projective plane
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    Real and complex supersolvable line arrangements in the projective plane (English)
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    29 November 2021
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    In the paper under review the authors study some combinatorial problems related to the geometry of supersolvable arrangements defined over the complex and real numbers. Let \(\mathcal{L} \subset \mathbb{P}^{2}_{\mathbb{C}}\) be an arrangement of \(s\) lines in the projective plane. A point \(p\) is called a modular point for \(\mathcal{L}\) if it is an intersection point with the additional property that whenever \(q\) is another crossing point, then the line through \(p\) and \(q\) is a configurational line of \(\mathcal{L}\). We say that \(\mathcal{L}\) is supersolvable if it has a modular point. The main aim of the paper under review is to provide a classification of complex supersolvable line arrangements with respect to the number of modular points. The first result of the paper tells us that if \(\mathcal{L}\) is a complex arrangement of \(s\) lines in the projective which is non-trivial (i.e. is not a pencil of lines), then it cannot have more than \(4\) modular points. Based on that observation, the authors provide a complete description of complex supersolvable line arrangements with \(3\) and \(4\) modular points. The ultimate goal of the paper under review was to verify a conjecture saying that if \(\mathcal{C}\) is a non-trivial complex supersolvable arrangement of \(s\) lines, then the number of double points \(t_{2}(\mathcal{L})\) is bounded from below by \(s/2\). It turned out that this conjecture is true, as it has been recently shown by \textit{T. Abe} in [Int. Math. Res. Notices 145 (2020; Zbl 1483.14096)]. Here we sum up the above loose discussion by a concrete theorem. Given a supersolvable line arrangement \(\mathcal{L}\), if it has two or more modular points and they do no all have the same multiplicity, we say that \(\mathcal{L}\) is not homogeneous, but if all modular points of \(\mathcal{L}\) have the same multiplicity, we say that \(\mathcal{L}\) is homogeneous, and \(m\)-homogeneous if the common multiplicity is \(m\). Theorem. Let \(\mathcal{L}\) be a line arrangement having \(\mu_{\mathcal{L}} > 0\) modular points over any field \(k\). a) If \(\mathcal{L}\) is not homogeneous, then either \(\mathcal{L}\) is a near pencil or \(\mu_{\mathcal{L}} = 2\); if \(\mu_{\mathcal{L}} = 2\), then \(\mathcal{L}\) consists of \(a\geq 2\) lines through one modular point, \(b>a\) lines through the other modular point, and we have \(s = a+b-1\) lines and \((a-1)(b-1)\) double intersection points. b) If \(\mathcal{L}\) has a modular point of multiplicity \(2\), then \(\mathcal{L}\) is a pencil of lines. c) If \(\mathcal{L}\) is complex and homogeneous with \(m > 2\), then \(1 \leq \mu_{\mathcal{L}} \leq 4\). If \(\mu_{\mathcal{L}} \in \{3,4\}\), we have the following possibilities: i) If \(\mu_{\mathcal{L}} = 4\), then \(s=6\), \(m=3\), the number of double points is \(3\), the number of triple points is \(4\). ii) If \(\mu_{\mathcal{L}} = 3\), then \(m>3\) and, up to change of coordinates, \(\mathcal{L}\) consists of the lines defined by the linear factors of \[xyz(x^{m-2} - y^{m-2})(x^{m-2} - z^{m-2})(y^{m-2}-z^{m-2}),\] and hence \(s = 3m-3\), the number of double points is \(3m-6\), the number of triple points is \((m-2)^2\), and the number of \(m\)-fold points is equal to \(3\).
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    Dirac-Motzkin conjecture
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    homogeneous supersolvable line arrangements
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    modular points
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    double points
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