Stability of dynamical systems. Continuous, discontinuous, and discrete systems (Q2372411): Difference between revisions

Certain applications of recent engineering technologies bring to researcher's attention systems which exhibit new phenomena, of hybrid and/or discontinuous nature. One of the major challenges of modern dynamical systems theory is to provide a general framework for modelling and investigation of such systems. Because of their variety and complexity, several approaches are possible and have actually been proposed. The authors of the present book are especially interested in stability theory. They introduce a class of systems which includes as particular cases, many classical systems such as: finite-dimensional continuous time systems defined by ordinary differential equations and inequalities, discrete-time systems defined by difference equations, functional differential equations, integro-differential equations, differential equations in Banach space, semigroups of linear and nonlinear operators and certain types of partial differential equations. In addition, the class of systems considered in the book accounts for certain non-classical systems, called composite systems or discontinuous dynamical systems. Basically, they are time-varying systems: in fact, different components of the system may evolve according to different notions of time. The aims and the organization of the book are described in Chapter 1. The basic definition of discontinuous dynamical system is given in Chapter 2: to guarantee the needed generality the time set can be any subset of \(\mathbb{R}^n\), the state space is assumed to be a metric space, the admissible motions are simply given by a set of (possibly discontinuous) curves indexed by the initial pair \((x_0, t_0)\). The basic notions of classical dynamical system theory (invariance, stability, boundedness) are extended to the discontinuous dynamical systems in Chapter 3. Then, the principal Lyapunov and Lagrange stability results are stated and proved for general discontinuous dynamical systems. The main novelty consists in the formulation of the monotonicity condition which is weaker then the classical one, thank to the introduction of a second auxiliary function. The Lyapunov function is not required to be continuous. In accordance with the topological point of view adopted in the book, explicit knowledge of solutions is needed, in order to verify the conditions. The authors also show that their results are extensions of the corresponding, known results for continuous dynamical systems and discrete dynamical systems, respectively. They finally prove converse theorems. The following chapters deal with specialization of the general theory. In particular, Chapter 4 deals with autonomous systems: it includes a version of LaSalle invariance principle and some comparison theorems. Chapters 6 and 7 are devoted to finite-dimensional dynamical systems, while infinite-dimensional dynamical systems are considered in Chapter 9. Chapter 5 and 8 present some applications.