Difference equations and discriminants for discrete orthogonal polynomials (Q2386414): Difference between revisions

Let \(\{p_n(x)\}\) be a sequence of discrete orthogonal polynomials satisfy orthogonality relation \[ \sum_{l=s}^t p_m(l)p_n(l)w(l)=\kappa_m \delta_{m,n} \qquad \qquad \sum_{l=s}^t w(l)=1 \] where \(w\) is a weight function. \(l \in \{s, s+1, \dots, t\} \subset \mathbf{R}\), \(s\) is finite but \(t\) is finite or infinite. In this paper, the authors investigated that polynomials \(\{p_n(x)\}\) of degree \(n\) satisfy a first order difference recurrence relation \[ \Delta{p_n(x)}=A_n(x)p_{n-1}(x)-B_n(x)p_n(x), \] where \(A_n(x)\) and \(B_n(x)\) are the rational functions in terms of the determinate expressions, furthermore, the authors gave the fine formulas of \(A_n(x)\) and \(B_n(x)\) to the Hahn and Meixner polynomials. They obtained an explicit discrete discriminants of polynomials \(\{p_n(x)\}\) using the generalized discriminant by the first author defined in (see [\textit{Mourad E. H. Ismail}, ``Difference equations and quantized discriminants for \(q\)-orthogonal polynomials'', Adv. Appl. Math., 30, No.3, 562--589 (2003; Zbl 1032.33012)]), subsequently the corresponding discriminants of the Hahn and Meixner polynomials were also shown. The authors derived a second order difference equation of polynomials \(\{p_n(x)\}\) and gave a fundamental solution set. Finally, some difference analogues of Bethe ansatz equation and associated polynomials were also mentioned. Reviewer's remark: A rather related or similar paper in [\textit{I. Nikolova}, ``Difference equations for hypergeometric polynomials from the Askey scheme. Some resultants'', Methods Appl. Anal. 11, No.1, 1--13, (2004; Zbl 1081.33015)], the idea of Nikolova's paper is from Ismail's paper above.