Peculiar loci of ample and spanned line bundles (Q1416712): Difference between revisions

Let \(X\) be a smooth complex projective variety of dimension \(n \geq 2\). Let \(L \in \text{Pic}(X)\) be an ample line bundle spanned by a vector subspace \(V \subset H^0(X,L)\). For a point \(x \in X\), define \(| V-rx| \) to be the linear system of divisors in \(| V| \) passing through \(x\) with multiplicity at least \(r\). The authors define the ``bad locus'' of \((X,V)\) to be the set \[ \mathcal B(X,V) = \{x \in X \;| \text{ every divisor in \(| V-x| \) is reducible}\} \] and the ``rude locus'' of \((X,V)\) to be the set \[ \mathcal R(X,V) = \{ x \in X \;| \;| V-2x| \neq \emptyset \text{ and every divisor in \(| V-2x| \) is reducible} \} \] The authors show that the existence of points in \(\mathcal B(X,V)\) forces \(\dim X = 2\) and \(\mathcal B (X,V)\) to be a finite set. They show that ``most of the time'' \(\mathcal B(X,V)\) is empty, but give concrete examples to show that this is not always true. They give a classification of surfaces with non trivial bad locus and degree up to 11, or equal to \(p^2\) where \(p\) is prime. They give a number of other results about the existence of bad points; for instance if \((X,L)\) is covered by lines then \(\mathcal B(X,V) = \emptyset\). The authors recall the notion of the \(n\)-th jumping set of \((X,V)\), defined as \[ \mathcal J_n(X,V) = \{ x \in X \;| \;| V-x| = | V-2x| \}. \] They show that \(\mathcal B(X,V) \subseteq \mathcal J_n(X,L)\), and more precisely that \(\mathcal B(X,V) = \mathcal R (X,V) \cap \mathcal J_n(X,V)\), where this intersection is empty if \(n \geq 3\). They show that there can be many rude points that are not bad, and they give a number of examples and results to show the broad range of possibilies that can occur for \(\mathcal R(X,V)\). It can be empty, all of \(X\), or (seemingly) almost anything in between. In the case where \((X,L)\) is a scroll, it turns out that \(\mathcal R(X,L) = X\), while \(\mathcal B(X,L) = \emptyset\).