On the function field analogue of Landau's theorem on sums of squares (Q268493): Difference between revisions

The paper is about asymptotic formulas for the number \(B(q,n)\) of polynomials of degree \(n\) of the form \(A^2+t B^2\) in \(\mathbb{F}_q[t]\) with \(q\) odd (otherwise \(B(q,n)=1\)). Using analytic methods the authors got he following formulas that is their main result. Theorem. When \(n>1\) and \(q\) goes to infinity \[ B(q,n) =\left( \frac{q}{4}\right)^n C(n) + r(n)q^{n-1}+ O_n(q^{n-2}) \] where \(C(n)\) is Catalan number, \(2 \cdot r(n)\cdot 4^{n-1} = C(n-1)+2 \cdot C(n-2),\) and, when \(n\) goes to infinity with fixed \(q\): \[ \sqrt{\pi n} \cdot B(q,n) = k_q \cdot q^n + O_q(\frac{q^n}{n}) \] where the positive real \(k_q\) satisfies \(1 =(1-\frac{1}{q})\cdot k_q^2 \cdot \prod_{P} (1-\frac{1}{\mid P \mid^2})\); the product is over the \(P\)'s with Legendre's symbol relative to \(t\) equal to \(-1.\)