Bernoulli numbers and polynomials via residues (Q1293165): Difference between revisions

In the ring \({\mathbb Q}[[T]]\) of formal power series the authors study the subring generated by \({\mathbb Q}, T\) and \(T/(e^T-1)\) together with the differential operator \(T(d/dT)\). Using their calculus of generalized fractions and residues they show that the Bernoulli numbers \(B^{(n)}_i\) of order \(n\) and Bernoulli polynomials \(B^{(n)}_i(X)\) can be realized as the residue of some suitable generalized fractions. Furthermore, they derive formulas of complete summations similar to \[ \sum_{i_1+\cdots+i_m=n}{n\choose{i_1,\ldots,i_m}} N_1^{i_1}\cdots N_m^{i_m}B_{i_1}(\alpha_1)\cdots B_{i_m}(\alpha_m), \] where \(\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_m\) are given rational numbers and \(N_1,\ldots, N_m, m, n\) are positive numbers. Various known identities are derived, see \textit{K. Dilcher} [J. Number Theory 60, 23-41 (1996; Zbl 0863.11011)] or \textit{M. Eie} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 348, 1117-1136 (1996; Zbl 0864.11043)].