The terminal hyperspace of homogeneous continua (Q2268641): Difference between revisions

A continuum (i.e., a compact connected metric space) \(T\) in a topological space \(X\) is said to be terminal if for every continuum \(L\) in \(X\) intersecting \(T\) either \(T \subset L\) or \(L \subset T\). For a continuum \(X\), let \({\mathcal T}(X)\) denote the space of terminal subcontinua of \(X\) equipped with the topology induced by the Hausdorff distance. A collection \({\mathcal P}\) of a non-empty subsets of a topological space \(X\) is said to be intrinsic provided \(h(P) \in {\mathcal P}\) for every self-homeomorphism \(h: X \to X\) and \(P \in {\mathcal P}\). In this paper, the author investigates the structure of \({\mathcal T}(X)\) for a homogeneous continuum \(X\), and proves the following theorems: (1) If \(X\) is a homogeneous continuum, then \({\mathcal T}(X)\) has at most three components. (2) If \(\dim X >1\), then the component of \({\mathcal T}(X)\) containing all singletons is composed only of singletons. (3) If \(X\) is a homogeneous continuum, \(A_0\) and \(A_1\) are terminal subcontinua of \(X\) in the same component of \({\mathcal T}(X)\), and \(A_0 \subset A_1\), then there is an order arc in \({\mathcal T}(X)\) from \(A_0\) to \(A_1\). (4) For every non-degenerate homogeneous continuum \(X\), the following conditions are equivalent: (a) \(X\) is hereditarily indecomposable; (b) \({\mathcal T}(X)\) is connected; (c) Both \(X\) and the singletons are the limits of some proper non-degenerate terminal subcontinua of \(X\); and (d) \(X\) is tree-like. The assertion that all proper terminal subcontinua of homogeneous continua are cell-like was given by \textit{Y. Zhou} and \textit{S. Lin} [Appl. Math., Ser. B (Engl. Ed.) 16, No.~4, 418--422 (2001; Zbl 1006.54042)]. But in the review of this article, the reviewer A. Koyama asked a question about the completeness of its proof. The author also proves a higher dimensional terminal decomposition theorem and provides a complete proof of the assertion.