Asymptotic expansion of eigenvalues of the Laplace operator in domains with singularly perturbed boundary (Q2577372): Difference between revisions

A special eigenvalue problem for the Laplacian acting in singularly perturbed domains in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) is studied: let \(\gamma \subset\mathbb{R}^3\) be a surface diffeomorphic to an open disk, containing the origin, and \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^3\) an 1-connected bounded domain, \(0\in\Omega\), with \(C^\infty\) boundary \(\Gamma=\partial\Omega\). For small positive \(\varepsilon \ll 1\), let \(\gamma_\varepsilon = \{x: x\varepsilon^{-1}\in\gamma\}\), \(\Omega_\varepsilon = \Omega\setminus\overline{\gamma_\varepsilon}\), and \(\Gamma_\varepsilon = \Gamma\cup \gamma_\varepsilon\). The author considers the so-called perturbation problem \[ - \Delta \psi_\varepsilon = \lambda_\varepsilon \psi_\varepsilon \quad\text{in}\;\Omega_\varepsilon, \qquad \psi_\varepsilon = 0 \quad\text{on}\;\Gamma_\varepsilon, \] together with the limit problem \[ - \Delta \psi_0 = \lambda_0 \psi_0 \quad\text{in}\;\Omega, \qquad \psi_0 = 0 \quad\text{on}\;\Gamma. \] The main result states that if \(\lambda_0\) is a simple eigenvalue of the limit problem, then there exists a unique and simple eigenvalue \(\lambda_\varepsilon\) of the perturbation problem, which converges to \(\lambda_0\) for \(\varepsilon\to 0\). It has the asymptotic form \(\lambda_\varepsilon = \lambda_0 + \varepsilon \lambda_1 + o(\varepsilon)\) for \(\varepsilon\to 0\), where \(\lambda_1\) can be described by means of an \(L_2(\Omega)\)- normed eigenfunction \(\psi_0\) of \(\lambda_0\). In Section~2, the assertion concerning the eigenvalues is proved, \(\lambda_\varepsilon \to \lambda_0\) for \(\varepsilon\to 0\), together with the strong convergence of corresponding eigenfunctions \(\psi_\varepsilon\) to some \(\psi_0\) in \(W^1_2(\Omega)\). Then, since the so-obtained \(\psi_0\) does not satisfy Dirichlet boundary condition on \(\gamma_\varepsilon\), the matched asymptotic expansion analysis is used to complete the argument.