An exact estimate result for a class of singular equations with critical exponents (Q629708): Difference between revisions

Let \(\Omega\) be a bounded smooth domain in \(\mathbb R^N, N \geq 3,\) and \(p = 2N/(N-2)\). This paper concerns the singular elliptic boundary value problem with critical Sobolev exponent: \[ -\Delta u = \frac {h(x)}{u^\gamma} + \lambda u^{p-1} \text{ and } u > 0 \text{ in } \Omega, \;u= 0 \text{ on } \partial\Omega, \] where \(m \text{ dist}^\alpha(x,\partial\Omega) \leq h(x) \leq M \text{ dist}^\alpha(x,\partial\Omega) \) for all \(x \in \Omega\), \(0 < \gamma < 1, \alpha \geq \gamma, m > 0, M > 0,\) and \(\lambda\) is a positive parameter. It was proved by \textit{M. M. Coclite} and \textit{G. Palmieri} [Commun. Partial Differential Equations, 14, No. 10, 1315--1327 (1989; Zbl 0692.35047)] that there exists \(\lambda^* > 0\) such that the problem has a solution for all \(\lambda \in (0,\lambda^*)\) and no solution for \(\lambda > \lambda^*\). Furthermore, the multiplicity results were given in [\textit{Y. Sun, S. Wu} and \textit{Y. Long}, J. Differ. Equations 176, No. 2, 511--531 (2001; Zbl 1109.35344); \textit{H. Yang}, J. Differ. Equations 189, No. 2, 487--512 (2003; Zbl 1034.35038)]. The main purpose of the present paper is to obtain uniform lower bounds: \(\lambda^* =\lambda^*(\Omega, p, \gamma, h) \geq \Lambda\). The result gives \(\Lambda\) explicitly by using \(p, \gamma, N, \) the volume of \(\Omega\), \(\| h \|_\infty\), and the best Sobolev constant. Denote by \(I_\lambda(u)\) the functional associated to the problem and define the constraint set \(\mathcal N_\lambda = \{ t(u) u: u \in H_0^1(\Omega)\setminus\{0\} \}\) where \(t(u)\) are the zeros of the map \(\phi: t \mapsto t^{-(p-1)} \frac d{dt} I_\lambda(tu)\). It is shown that if \(0 < \lambda < \Lambda\) then \(\phi\) has exactly two zeros for any \(u \in H_0^1(\Omega)\setminus\{0\}\). By using variational methods the authors obtain two different solutions for any \(\lambda \in (0,\Lambda)\).