On two-dimensional planar compacta not homotopically equivalent to any one-dimensional compactum (Q2577119): Difference between revisions

It has been proved that subspaces of \(\mathbb R^2\) are aspherical and that their singular homology groups are all trivial. In this sense, planar sets behave naturally with respect to algebraic topology. For a planar space that is homotopically equivalent to a \(1\)-dimensional separable metrizable space (this includes every open subset of \(\mathbb R^2\)), the latter is less difficult to prove than for one which is not. However, not all planar subspaces are homotopy equivalent to \(1\)-dimensional separable metrizable spaces. The aim of this paper is to provide several new examples of planar sets that are homotopically \(2\)-dimensional, i.e., are not homotopy equivalent to any space of dimension \(< 2\). These will have different additional properties than the first such examples that were constructed. Briefly, the examples have properties as follows: \flushpar \textbf{Example 1.} Path-connected, simply connected, and cellular. \flushpar \textbf{Example 2.} A Peano continuum which is the pairwise disjoint union of a disk and open intervals. \flushpar \textbf{Example 3.} Everywhere homotopically \(2\)-dimensional (see the authors' Definition 2.1(ii)).