Combinatorial results for semigroups of order-preserving partial transformations. (Q1879671): Difference between revisions

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Combinatorial results for semigroups of order-preserving partial transformations.
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    Combinatorial results for semigroups of order-preserving partial transformations. (English)
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    23 September 2004
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    This paper gathers together some combinatorial results for the semigroup \(S=\mathcal{PO}_n\), the semigroup of all partial order-preserving mappings on a finite \(n\)-chain. Counting the numbers of mappings with domains and ranges of particular cardinalities eventually leads to a second-order nonlinear recurrence for \(|S|\). A similar set of results is obtained for \(e_n\), the number of idempotents. On this occasion the solution is explicitly determined in terms of powers of the golden ratio and curiously it transpires that \(e_n-1\) is a multiple of five. The final section proves counting results on the sizes of classes determined by Green's relations on \(S\).
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    partial order-preserving mappings
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    golden ratio
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    idempotents
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    semigroups of transformations
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