On the fundamental triangle inequality and Gerretsen's double inequality (Q2116830): Difference between revisions

The fundamental triangle inequality is \[ 2R^2+10Rr-r^2-2(R-2r)\sqrt {R(R-2r)} \leq s^2 \leq 2R^2+10Rr-r^2+2(R-2r)\sqrt {R(R-2r)}. \] where \(R\), \(r\) and \(s\) are the circumradius, inradius and semiperimeter of triangle \(ABC\). The author claims to give two new proofs of the inequality but only the first, which is trigonometric, is new. The second proof is in essence consequence of the identity \[(a-b)^2(b-c)^2(c-a)^2=4r^2(-s^4+2(2R^2+10Rr-r^2)s^2-r(4R+r)^3),\] which has already been published in mathematical magazines. Gerretsen's double inequality \[16Rr-5r^2 \leq s^2 \leq 4R^2+4Rr+3r^2\] and some generalizations and refinements are discussed as important consequences of the fundamental inequality. It is not noted that Gerretsen's inequality can also be proved elementary [the reviewer, Elem. Math. 72, No. 1, 2--8 (2017; Zbl 1364.51009)].