Fixed point theorems for better admissible multimaps on almost convex sets (Q868817): Difference between revisions

A polytope \(P\) in a subset \(X\) of a topological vector space (t.v.s.) \(E\) is a nonempty compact convex subset of \(X\) contained in a finite-dimensional subspace of \(E\). In 1997, the author introduced in [Math. Sci. Res. Hot-Line 1(9), 1--6 (1997; Zbl 0915.47042)] the ``better'' admissible class of maps defined on a subset \(X\) of a t.v.s. \(E\) into a topological space \(Y\) as follows: \(F\in{\mathcal B}(X, Y)\Leftrightarrow F: X\multimap Y\) is a map such that, for each polytope \(P\) in \(X\) and for any continuous function \(f: F(P)\to P\), the composition \(f(F/P): P\multimap P\) has a fixed point. Recently, the author introduced the class \({\mathcal B}^P(X, Y): F\in{\mathcal B}^P(X, Y)\Leftrightarrow F: X\multimap Y\) is a map such that for every polytope \(P\) of \(X\), there exists a map \(\Gamma\in{\mathcal B}(P, Y)\) such that \(\Gamma(x)\subset F(x)\), for each \(x\in P\). A nonempty subset of \(K\) of \(E\) is said to be Klee approximable if for any \(V\in{\mathcal V}\), where \({\mathcal V}\) denotes a fundamental system of neighborhoods of the origin, of \(E\), there exists a continuous function \(h: K\to E\) such that \(x-h(x)\in{\mathcal V}\) for all \(x\in X\) and \(h(K)\) is contained in a polytope of \(E\). Especially, for a subset \(X\) of \(E\), \(K\) is said to be Klee approximable into \(X\) whenever the range \(h(K)\) is contained in a polytope in \(X\). The following theorem generalizes the main result from the author's paper [J. Nonlinear Convex Anal. 5, 369--377 (2004; Zbl 1066.47057)]. Theorem 2.2. Let \(X\) and \(Y\) be subsets of a t.v.s. \(E\) such that \(X\subset Y\) and \(F: Y\multimap Y\) a map. (1) If \(F/X\in{\mathcal B}^P(X, Y)\) and \(F(X)\) is Klee approximable into \(X\), then \(F/X\) has the almost fixed point property (that is, for any \(V\in{\mathcal V}\), \(F/X\) has a \(V\)-fixed point \(x_V\in X\), that is \(F(x_V)\cap (x_V+ V)\neq\emptyset)\). (2) Further if \(F\) is closed and \(F/X\) is compact, then \(F\) has a fixed point. A subset \(X\) of a t.v.s. is said to be almost convex if for any \(V\in{\mathcal V}\) and for any finite subset \(A= \{x_1,x_2,\dots, x_n\}\) of \(X\), there exists a subset \(B= \{y_1,y_2,\dots, y_n\}\) of \(X\) such that \(y_i- x_i\in V\) for each \(i= 1,2,\dots, n\) and \(\text{co}\,B\subset X\). In Section 3 some fixed points theorems on almost convex sets are proved. The main result is Theorem 3.4. Let \(X\) be an almost convex dense subset \(Y\) of a t.v.s. \(E\). Then any closed map \(F: Y\multimap Y\) such that \(F/X\in{\mathcal B}^P(X, Y)\) is compact has a fixed point. Some coincidence theorems are proved in Section 4, for example Theorem 4.3. Let \(X\) be a convex subset of a t.v.s. \(E\) and \(Y\) a normal topological space. Let \(F\in{\mathcal B}^P(X, Y)\) and \(S,T: Y\multimap X\) be maps such that (1) for each \(y\in Y\), \(\text{co\,}S(y)\subset T(y)\); and (2) there exists a finite subset \(N\) of \(X\) such that \(X= \bigcup\{\text{Int\,}S^-(x)/x\in N\}\). Then \(F\) and \(T\) have a coincidence point. In Section 5 the author generalizes an almost fixed point theorem due to Lassonde. Theorem 5.1. Let \(X\) and \(C\) be nonempty convex subsets of a locally convex t.v.s. \(E\), and \(F\in{\mathcal B}^P(X, X+ C)\) a compact closed map. Suppose that one of the following conditions holds: (i) \(X\) is closed and \(C\) is compact; (ii) \(X\) is compact and \(C\) is closed; (iii) \(C= \{0\}\). Then there is \(\widehat x\in X\) such that \(F(\widehat x)\cap(\widehat x+ C)\neq\emptyset\). In Section 6, Theorem 6.1, 6.2 and 6.4, some Himmelberg type fixed point theorems are proved which generalize some known results.