Restricted 3412-avoiding involutions, continued fractions, and Chebyshev polynomials (Q705239): Difference between revisions

The generating functions of certain restricted permutations have close connections with continued fractions and Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind. From this point of view, the author studies 3412-avoiding involutions (their set is denoted by \(I_n(3412)\)). He gives continued fraction expansions of the generating function for several permutation statistics on \(I_n(3412)\), as inversion number, number of left-to-right maxima, number of right-to-left minima and number of fixed points. Using a recursion, the generating functions for involutions which avoid 3412 and additional patterns, such as monotone patterns, are determined and expressed in terms of Chebyshev polynomials.