On motivic decompositions arising from the method of Białynicki-Birula (Q2484071): Difference between revisions

An important result by \textit{M. Rost} [The motive of a Pfister form, preprint, 1998] is the following decomposition of the Chow motive of a smooth projective \(n\)-dimensional isotropic quadric \(Q\) over a field \(k\) (with char \(k\neq 2\)): \[ M(Q)=\mathbb Z\oplus N(Q')(1)\oplus \mathbb Z(n) \] where \(Q'\) is a smooth subquadric of codimension \(2\) in \(Q\). A natural question which arises is to look for an analogous decomposition for projective homogeneous varieties under the action of a group \(G\). Such a decomposition has been found by B. Köck for \(M(G/P)\) when \(G\) is a split reductive group and \(P\) is a parabolic group and by \textit{N. A. Karpenko} [St. Petersbg. Math. J. 12, No. 1, 1--50 (2001); translation from Algebra Anal. 12, No. 1, 3--69 (2000; Zbl 1003.14016)] in the case of motives of flag varieties for classical groups. Köck's decomposition has been extended by \textit{V. Chernousov}, \textit{S. Gille} and \textit{A. Merkurjev} [Duke Math. J. 126, No. 1, 137--159 (2005; Zbl 1086.14041)] to the case of motives of isotropic projective homogeneous varieties for adjoint semisimple groups. In this paper the author applies results of Białynicki-Birula and W. Hesselink to obtain a decomposition of the motive of any smooth projective variety admitting an action of the multiplicative group, a class of varieties which includes both the homogeneous spaces considered by Karpenko and the isotropic homogeneous spaces considered by Chernousov, Gille and Merkurjev. Theorem 1. Let \(X\) be a smooth projective scheme over a field \(k\) equipped with an action of the multiplicative group \(\mathbb{G}_m\). Then in the category \(\text{Corr}_k\) \[ M(X)= \coprod M(Z_i)(a_i), \] where the \(Z_I\) are the connected components of \(X^{\mathbb{G}_m}\) and the \(a_i\) are determined by the dimension of the positive eigenspace of the action of \(\mathbb{G}_m\) on the tangent space of \(X\) at an arbitrary point \(z\in Z_i\). The paper also contains the following result, which answers a question raised by \textit{N. Karpenko} [loc. cit.]. Theorem 2. Let \(X\) be a projective quasihomogeneous scheme for a reductive group \(G\). Then \[ M(X)= \coprod M(Y_i)(a_i), \] where the \(Y_i\) are irreducible projective quasihomogeneous schemes for the anisotropic kernel of \(G\).