A generalization of the Banach-Steinhaus theorem for finite part limits (Q523234): Difference between revisions
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A quick distributional way to the prime number theorem | |||||||||||||||
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scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5643270 | |||||||||||||||
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A quick distributional way to the prime number theorem (English) | |||||||||||||||
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Property / zbMATH Open document ID: 1192.11062 / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Property / DOI: 10.1016/S0019-3577(09)80009-8 / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Property / published in: Indagationes Mathematicae. New Series / rank | |||||||||||||||
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7 December 2009
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The authors use distribution theory (generalized functions) to produce another proof of the classical prime number theorem in the form \[ \lim_{x\to\infty}\,\frac{\psi(x)}{x} = 1, \quad \psi(x) = \sum_{n\leq x}\Lambda(n),\leqno(1) \] where as usual \(\Lambda(n) = \log p\) if \(n = p^k\) (\(p\) is a generic prime) and \(\Lambda(n) = 0\) otherwise. The proof of (1) is based on finding the distributional asymptotic behavior of \(\psi'(x)\) (the derivative is to be understood in the distributional sense), in fact \[ \psi'(x) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty\Lambda(n)\delta(x-n), \] where \(\delta\) is the well-known Dirac delta distribution. In the course of the proof the authors use some elementary properties of the Riemann zeta-function \[ \zeta(s) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty n^{-s}\qquad(\text{Re}\, s >1), \] as well as the fact that \(\zeta(1+it) \neq 0\) for real \(t\). However, the last assertion is well known to be an equivalent of the prime number theorem [see e.g., Sections 8--9 of Chapter 2 of \textit{A. E. Ingham}, The distribution of prime numbers. Cambridge etc.: Cambridge University Press (1990; Zbl 0715.11045)]. On the other hand, the authors point out that their proof does not use any Tauberian argument, which is certainly a merit. | |||||||||||||||
Property / review text: The authors use distribution theory (generalized functions) to produce another proof of the classical prime number theorem in the form \[ \lim_{x\to\infty}\,\frac{\psi(x)}{x} = 1, \quad \psi(x) = \sum_{n\leq x}\Lambda(n),\leqno(1) \] where as usual \(\Lambda(n) = \log p\) if \(n = p^k\) (\(p\) is a generic prime) and \(\Lambda(n) = 0\) otherwise. The proof of (1) is based on finding the distributional asymptotic behavior of \(\psi'(x)\) (the derivative is to be understood in the distributional sense), in fact \[ \psi'(x) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty\Lambda(n)\delta(x-n), \] where \(\delta\) is the well-known Dirac delta distribution. In the course of the proof the authors use some elementary properties of the Riemann zeta-function \[ \zeta(s) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty n^{-s}\qquad(\text{Re}\, s >1), \] as well as the fact that \(\zeta(1+it) \neq 0\) for real \(t\). However, the last assertion is well known to be an equivalent of the prime number theorem [see e.g., Sections 8--9 of Chapter 2 of \textit{A. E. Ingham}, The distribution of prime numbers. Cambridge etc.: Cambridge University Press (1990; Zbl 0715.11045)]. On the other hand, the authors point out that their proof does not use any Tauberian argument, which is certainly a merit. / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Property / reviewed by: Aleksandar Ivić / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 11N05 / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 46F10 / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 46F20 / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 41A60 / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 46F99 / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Property / zbMATH DE Number: 5643270 / rank | |||||||||||||||
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prime number theorem | |||||||||||||||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: prime number theorem / rank | |||||||||||||||
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distributions | |||||||||||||||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: distributions / rank | |||||||||||||||
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asymptotic behavior of generalized function | |||||||||||||||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: asymptotic behavior of generalized function / rank | |||||||||||||||
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Revision as of 14:18, 29 April 2024
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5643270
- A quick distributional way to the prime number theorem
Language | Label | Description | Also known as |
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English | A generalization of the Banach-Steinhaus theorem for finite part limits |
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5643270 |
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Statements
A generalization of the Banach-Steinhaus theorem for finite part limits (English)
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A quick distributional way to the prime number theorem (English)
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20 April 2017
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7 December 2009
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Let \(X\) be a Fréchet space with the dual space \(X'\) and let \(\{y_n\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\) be a sequence in~\(X'\). If for each \(x\in X\) the finite part of the limit \(Y(x)=\text{F.p.}\,\lim_{n\to\infty}\langle y_n,x\rangle\) exists, in the sense of \textit{R. Estrada} and \textit{R. P. Kanwal} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 141, No. 1, 195--207 (1989; Zbl 0683.46033)], the authors prove that the functional \(Y\) is continuous. This result is shown to be also valid in some other classes of topological vector spaces, such as \(LF\)-spaces, \(DFS\)-spaces and \(DFS^*\)-spaces. Some examples are given where it does not hold.
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The authors use distribution theory (generalized functions) to produce another proof of the classical prime number theorem in the form \[ \lim_{x\to\infty}\,\frac{\psi(x)}{x} = 1, \quad \psi(x) = \sum_{n\leq x}\Lambda(n),\leqno(1) \] where as usual \(\Lambda(n) = \log p\) if \(n = p^k\) (\(p\) is a generic prime) and \(\Lambda(n) = 0\) otherwise. The proof of (1) is based on finding the distributional asymptotic behavior of \(\psi'(x)\) (the derivative is to be understood in the distributional sense), in fact \[ \psi'(x) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty\Lambda(n)\delta(x-n), \] where \(\delta\) is the well-known Dirac delta distribution. In the course of the proof the authors use some elementary properties of the Riemann zeta-function \[ \zeta(s) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty n^{-s}\qquad(\text{Re}\, s >1), \] as well as the fact that \(\zeta(1+it) \neq 0\) for real \(t\). However, the last assertion is well known to be an equivalent of the prime number theorem [see e.g., Sections 8--9 of Chapter 2 of \textit{A. E. Ingham}, The distribution of prime numbers. Cambridge etc.: Cambridge University Press (1990; Zbl 0715.11045)]. On the other hand, the authors point out that their proof does not use any Tauberian argument, which is certainly a merit.
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finite part limits
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Hadamard finite part
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Banach-Steinhaus theorem
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prime number theorem
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distributions
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asymptotic behavior of generalized function
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