Representations of finite-dimensional Hopf algebras (Q1355523): Difference between revisions

Let \(H\) be a finite-dimensional Hopf algebra with antipode \(S\) over the field \(k\) of characteristic \(p\geq 0\), and let \(G_0(H)\) and \(K_0(H)\) denote the Grothendieck groups of the categories of finitely generated \(H\)-modules and finitely generated projective \(H\)-modules, respectively. Then the comultiplication of \(H\) gives rise to a natural ring structure on \(G_0(H)\), and \(K_0(H)\) is a module over this ring. Furthermore, let \(c\colon K_0(H)\to G_0(H)\) denote the Cartan map, let \(\bar c\) be the induced map \(\bar c\colon k\otimes_ZK_0(H)\to k\otimes_ZG_0(H)\), and let \(C\) denote the Cartan matrix, that is the matrix of \(c\) with respect to the canonical \(Z\)-bases of \(G_0(H)\) and \(K_0(H)\) afforded by the irreducible \(H\)-modules and their projective covers. The main results here are: Theorem 1. If \(H\) is involutory (that is, \(S^2=\text{Id}\)) and not semisimple, then \(p\) divides the dimension of every finitely generated projective \(H\)-module. Theorem 2. If \(k\) is a splitting field of \(H\), then \(\text{rank} \bar c=\dim_k(H\gets t)\) where \(t\) is a nonzero left integral and where \(H\gets t\) denotes the image of \(H\) under the right adjoint action of \(t\). Moreover, if \(S^2\) is an inner automorphism of \(H\), then \(H\) is semisimple if and only if \(p\) does not divide \(\det C\). The paper also offers a new proof of the fact, due to \textit{U. Oberst} and \textit{H.-J. Schneider} [Manuscr. Math. 8, 217-241 (1973; Zbl 0259.20043)], that \(H\) is a symmetric algebra if and only if \(H\) is unimodular and \(S^2\) is inner. Finally, the paper contains explicit computations of \(C\) and of the ring structure of \(G_0(H)\) for a number of specific Hopf algebras including the restricted enveloping algebra \(u(L)\) with \(L\) a completely solvable restricted Lie algebra or \(L=\text{sl}(2,k)\).