Klein's group defines an exceptional singularity of dimension 3 (Q1296191): Difference between revisions

Let \((X,P)\) be a normal singularity, and let \(D=\sum d_i D_i\) be a divisor on \(X\) with real coefficients \(0 \leq d_i \leq 1\). The pair \((X,D)\) is said to be log canonical near \(P\) if the following conditions are satisfied: (i) \(K_X +D\) is \({\mathbb{R}}\)-Cartier, (ii) For some resolution \(f:Y\to X\) of \((X,P)\) with normal crossings for \(D\), if \[ K_Y\equiv f^*(K_X+D)+\sum a(E,X,D) E \] where \(E\) runs over prime divisors on \(Y\), \(a(E,X,D)\in{\mathbb{R}}\) and \(a(D'_i,X,D)=-d_i\) for the strict transform \(D'_i\) of \(D_i\), then \(a(E,X,D) \geq -1\) for all \(E\). A log canonical pair \((X,D)\) is said to be exceptional if there is at most one exceptional divisor \(E\) for which \(a(E,X,D)=-1\). The singularity \((X, P)\) is said to be exceptional if \((X,D)\) is exceptional for any \(D\) such that \((X,D)\) is log canonical. This notion was introduced by Shokurov in order to study the complements (i.e. good divisors in the multiple anticanonical systems, see definition 1.4 in the paper). In the paper, the authors construct the first examples of 3-dimensional canonical exceptional singularities. The examples are the quotients of \({\mathbb{C}}^3\) by the action of Klein's simple group \(J_{168}\) of order 168 and of its central extension \(J'_{504}\) by the 3-rd roots of unity, of order 504. The proof uses the classical results of these groups.