Dynamical Borel-Cantelli lemmas for Gibbs measures (Q5935797): Difference between revisions

Let \((X,\beta ,\mu)\) be a probabilistic space and let \(T:X\rightarrow X\) be a measure preserving transformation. The dynamical Borel-Cantelli lemma states that if \(\{ A_n \}\) is a sequence of measurable subsets of \(X\) such that \(\sum \mu (A_n)=\infty\) and the sets \(T^{-n}A_n\) are independent, then for almost every point \(x\in X\) there are infinitely many \(n\) such that \(T^n(x)\in A_n\). The sequence \(\{ A_n\} \) is said to be a Borel-Cantelli (BC) sequence. The paper deals with the following stronger version of Borel-Cantelli lemma. Let \(\{ A_n\} \) be a sequence of measurable subsets of \(X\) such that \(\sum \mu (A_n)=\infty \). For \(x\in X\) and \(N\geq 0\) let \(S_N(x):=\sum _{n=1}^N\chi _{T^{-n}A_n}(x)\) and \(E_N:=\sum _{n=1}^N\mu(A_n)\). The sequence \(\{ A_n \}\) is said to be a strongly Borel--Cantelli (sBC) sequence if for almost every \(x\in X\) we have \(S_N(x)/E_N\rightarrow 1\) as \(N\rightarrow \infty\). The stronger version of Borel-Cantelli lemma asserts that if the sets \(T^{-n}A_n\) are pairwise independent, then \(\{ A_n\} \) is a (sBC) sequence. The authors find sufficient conditions which characterize (sBC) sequences of cylinders and rectangles for Markov chains and Anosov diffeomorphisms, respectively. In both cases, these sufficient conditions are based on the notion of \(D\)-nested intervals of integers, which is introduced as follows: two intervals of integers, \([n_1^-,n_1^+]\) and \([n_2^-,n_2^+]\) are \(D\)-nested for \(D\geq 0\) if either \([n_1^-,n_1^+]\subset [n_2^--D,n_2^++D]\) or \([n_2^-,n_2^+]\subset [n_1^--D,n_1^++D]\).