Minimal spaces with cyclic group of homeomorphisms (Q523098): Difference between revisions

Let \((X,T)\) be a topological dynamical system, that is, \(X\) is a compact metric space and \(T:X\to X\) is a continuous self-map of \(X\). The following two kinds of topological envelope of \((X,T)\) are studied. First, let \(C_X=C(X,X)\) be the semigroup of all continuous self-maps of \(X\), with the uniform metric, and consider the action \(F_T\) of \(T\) on \(C_X\) on the left, namely, \(F_T(\varphi)=T\circ\varphi\) for every \(\varphi\in C_X\). Moreover, let \(H_X=H(X,X)\) be the subgroup of \(C_X\) of all self-homeomorphisms of \(X\); if \(T\) is a self-homeomorphism of \(X\), then \(H_X\) is \(F_T\)-invariant. The topological entropy \(h\) of \((C_X,F_T)\) and \((H_X,F_T)\) is studied in relation to the topological entropy of \((X,T)\). The first main theorem of the paper states that, if \(T\) is a self-homeomorphism and \(X\) is zero-dimensional, then \(T\) is equicontinuous if and only if \(h(C_X,F_T)=0\) and \(h(H_X,F_T)=0\), otherwise \(h(C_X,F_T)=\infty\) and \(h(H_X,F_T)=\infty\). In particular, the topological entropy of \((C_X,F_T)\) and \((H_X,F_T)\) is either zero or infinite, and this answers a conjecture from [\textit{S. Kolyada} and \textit{J. Semikina}, Max-Plank-Institut für Mathematik, Preprint Series (8), p.19 (2013)] under the assumptions \(T\) homeomorphism and \(X\) zero-dimensional. As a consequence of the theorem, examples of self-homeomorphisms \(T\) of \(X\) with \(h(X,T)=0\) and \(h(H_X,F_T)=\infty\) are provided (such examples were known for \(C_X\) in [\textit{J. Auslander} et al., Nonlinearity 20, No. 9, 2245--2269 (2007; Zbl 1125.37005)]). Another consequence of the theorem is a positive answer, under the assumptions that \(T\) is a homeomorphism and \(X\) is zero-dimensional, to the question from [\textit{S. Kolyada} and \textit{J. Semikina}, Max-Plank-Institut für Mathematik, Preprint Series (8), p.19 (2013)] on the validity of the inequality \[ \quad h(X,T)\leq h(H_X,F_T). \] The same inequality is known to hold in general for \(C_X\). A compact metric space \(X\) is defined to be a {Slovak space} if \(|X|\geq 3\), \(X\) admits a minimal self-homeomorphism and \(H_X=\{T^n\mid n\in\mathbb Z\}\). A family of Slovak spaces is provided. The topological entropy of a topological dynamical system \((X,T)\) with Slovak space \(X\) can take any value within the interval \([0,\infty]\). If \(X\) is a Slovak space and \(T\) is a self-homeomorphism of \(X\), then the cyclic group \(H_X\) is infinite and all its non-trivial elements are minimal homeomorphisms; moreover \(h(H_X,F_T)=0\). So, using Slovak spaces, the existence of a topological dynamical system \((X,T)\), where \(T\) is a minimal self-homeomorphism of \(X\) with \(h(T)>0\) and \(h(H_X,F_T)=0\), is proved. This shows that the above inequality does not hold in general. Using Slovak spaces, which are non-degenerate continua, a long standing problem from [\textit{H. Bruin} et al., Colloq. Math. 95, No. 1, 123--132 (2003; Zbl 1082.37022)] is solved: there exists a non-degenerate continuum with only invertible minimal continuous self-maps, which is not homeomorphic to the circle group.