Roth's theorems for sets of matrices (Q1070310): Difference between revisions

Let R be a ring with unit. \(R_{m\times n}\) denotes the set of \(m\times n\) matrices over R. Let \(A\in R_{m\times r}\), \(B\in R_{s\times n}\), and \(C\in R_{m\times n}\), then it is said that R has the equivalence property if \(AX-YB=C\) for some \(X\in R_{r\times n}\), \(Y\in R_{m\times s}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left( \begin{matrix} A\\ 0\end{matrix} \begin{matrix} C\\ B\end{matrix} \right)\) and \(\left( \begin{matrix} A\\ 0\end{matrix} \begin{matrix} 0\\ B\end{matrix} \right)\) are equivalent. \textit{W. E. Roth} first proved that a field has the equivalence property [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 3, 392-396 (1952; Zbl 0047.019)], which was generalized to any commutative ring by \textit{W. H. Gustafson} [Linear Algebra Appl. 23, 245-251 (1979; Zbl 0398.15013)]. In this paper, it is shown that the equivalence theorem holds for finite sets of matrices over a commutative ring. Let \(R[x_ 1,...,x_ t]\) be the polynomial ring over a commutative ring R, where the \(x_ i's\) commute with R and each other. The author proves that let \(A_ i\in R_{m\times r}\), \(B_ i\in R_{s\times n}\), and \(C_ i\in R_{m\times n}\), \(1\leq i\leq t\), if \(R[x_ 1,...,x_ t]\) has the equivalence property, then there exist \(X\in R_{r\times n}\) and \(Y\in R_{m\times s}\) such that \[ A_ iX-YB_ i=C_ i,\quad 1\leq i\leq t\quad \Leftrightarrow \quad M_ i=\left( \begin{matrix} A_ i\\ 0\end{matrix} \begin{matrix} C_ i\\ B_ i\end{matrix} \right)\quad and\quad N_ i=\left( \begin{matrix} A_ i\\ 0\end{matrix} \begin{matrix} 0\\ B_ i\end{matrix} \right) \] are simultaneously equivalent. It is shown that the Roth's similarity theorem also holds, and if R has the simultaneous equivalence property for sets of \(t+1\) matrices, then R has the simultaneous similarity property for sets of t matrices.