A class of differential equations of Fuchsian type (Q1108444): Difference between revisions

For complex numbers \(\alpha\),\(\beta\),\(\gamma\) (\(\gamma\neq 0),\delta,\epsilon\) and \(\epsilon'\), let \(\Omega\) denote the following (2\(\times 2)\)-matrix-valued meromorphic 1-form on the complex projective plane \(P^ 2:\) \[ \Omega= \begin{pmatrix} \alpha d\Delta /\Delta & [\beta (xydx+\epsilon x^ 2dy)]/\Delta \\ \gamma (ydx+\epsilon'xdy)/\Delta & \delta d\Delta /\Delta \end{pmatrix} \] where (x,y) is an affine coordinate system and \(\Delta =x^ 3-27y^ 2\). \(\Omega\) is holomorphic on \(P^ 2- C\cup L_{\infty}\) where C is the closure in \(P^ 2\) of the affine curve \(\{(x,y)\in C^ 2| \Delta =0\}\) and \(L_{\infty}\) is the line at infinity. Then the author proves that the differential equation \(dy=y\Omega\) is of Fuchsian type iff \(\epsilon =\epsilon'=2/3\) and \(\delta =\alpha +1/6\) when \(\beta\neq 0\) and \(\gamma\neq 0\). Considering the multivalued map \(S: P^ 2-C\cup L_{\infty}\to C^ 2,\) which sends (x,y) to \((u,v)=(f_ 1,g_ 1)\), where \((f_ 1,f_ 2)\) and \((g_ 1,g_ 2)\) are linearly independent solutions of the equation \(dy=y\Omega\), he gives a criterion for the singlevaluedness of the inverse map \(S^{-1}\) from the image of S to \(P^ 2-C\cup L_{\infty}\). He also gives an existence theorem for finite Galois coverings \(\pi: x\to P^ 2\) with branch locus \(C\cup L_{\infty}\), where x is an irreducible normal complex space.