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Revision as of 18:55, 27 June 2024
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English | Spectral action on noncommutative torus |
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Spectral action on noncommutative torus (English)
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11 March 2008
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The authors compute the spectral action on noncommutative tori with the help of zeta functions. We briefly recall the important notion of spectral action in noncommutative geometry. Roughly speaking, for a given spectral triple \(( \mathcal{A},\mathcal{H},\mathcal{D}) \) where \( \mathcal{A}\) is an algebra acting on a Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}\) and \( \mathcal{D}\) is a Dirac-like operator, the spectral action \(\mathcal{S} ( \mathcal{D}_{A},\Phi ,\Lambda ) :=\text{Tr}( \Phi ( \mathcal{D}_{A}/\Lambda ) ) \) of the covariant Dirac operator \( \mathcal{D}_{A}:=\mathcal{D}+A+\varepsilon JAJ^{-1}\) for a 1-form \( A=\sum_{i}a_{i}[ \mathcal{D},b_{i}] \) with \(a_{i},b_{i}\in \mathcal{A}\), an even positive cut-off function \(\Phi \), and the mass scale \( \Lambda \), counts the spectral values of \(| \mathcal{D}_{A}| \) less than \(\Lambda \), where \(J\) is a real structure with \(J\mathcal{D} =\varepsilon \mathcal{D}J\) for \(\varepsilon \in \{ \pm 1\} \). The smooth noncommutative \(n\)-torus \(C^{\infty }( \mathbb{T}_{\Theta }^{n}) \) determined by a nonzero skew-symmetric matrix \(\Theta \in M_{n}( \mathbb{R}) \) consists of \(\sum_{k\in \mathbb{Z}^{n}}a_{k}U_{k}\) with a trace \(\tau :\sum_{k\in \mathbb{Z}^{n}}a_{k}U_{k}\mapsto a_{0}\), where \( k\mapsto a_{k}\) is a Schwartz function on \(\mathbb{Z}^{n}\) and \(U_{k}:=e^{- \frac{i}{2}k\cdot \chi k}u_{1}^{k_{1}}\cdots u_{n}^{k_{n}}\) for unitary generators \(u_{i}\), \(1\leq i\leq n\), satisfying \(u_{i}u_{j}=e^{i\Theta _{ij}}u_{j}u_{i}\) and the upper triangular restriction \(\chi \) of \(\Theta \). A matrix \(\Theta \in M_{n}( \mathbb{R}) \) is called diophantine if \( v:=^{t}\Theta ( u) \) is a diophantine vector for some \(u\in \mathbb{Z }^{n}\), i.e., there are \(\delta ,c>0\) such that \(| w\cdot v-m| \geq c| w| ^{-\delta }\) for all \(0\neq w\in \mathbb{Z}^{n}\) and \( m\in \mathbb{Z}\). For \(\mathcal{A}=C^{\infty }(\mathbb{T}_{\Theta}^{n})\) with \(\frac{1}{2\pi}\Theta\) real skew-symmetric diophantine and a selfadjoint 1-form \(A\), the authors show that \[ \begin{aligned} \mathcal{S}(\mathcal{D}_{A},\Phi,\Lambda) &= \begin{cases} 4\pi\Phi_{2}\Lambda^{2}+\mathcal{O}(\Lambda^{-2}) \quad&\text{for }n=2,\\ 8\pi^{2}\Phi_{4}\Lambda^{4}-\frac{4\pi ^{2}}{3}\Phi(0) \tau(F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu})+\mathcal{O}(\Lambda^{-2}) \quad&\text{for }n=4,\end{cases}\\ \text{and in general,} &=\sum_{k=0}^{n}\Phi _{n-k}c_{n-k}( A) \Lambda ^{n-k}+\mathcal{O}( \Lambda ^{-1}) \\ &\qquad\qquad\text{with }c_{n-2}( A) =0=c_{n-k}( A) \text{ for }k\text{ odd}, \\ &\qquad\qquad\qquad\text{where }\Phi _{k}:=\frac{1}{2} \int_{0}^{\infty }\Phi ( t) t^{\frac{k}{2}-1}\,dt.\end{aligned} \] Furthermore, when \(n\) is odd, \(\zeta _{D_{A}}( 0) -\zeta _{D}( 0) =0 \) for \(D:=\mathcal{D}+P_{0}\) and \(D_{A}:=\mathcal{D}_{A}+P_{A}\), where \(P_{0} \) and \(P_{A}\) are the projections onto \(\ker ( \mathcal{D}) \) and \(\ker ( \mathcal{D}_{A}) \), respectively, and \(\zeta_{X}( s) :=\text{Tr}(| X|^{-s})\).
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spectral action
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spectral triple
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noncommutative torus
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zeta function
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holomorphic continuation
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Diophantine number
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noncommutative integration
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residue
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covariant Dirac operator
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noncommutative geometry
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