The complete determination of narrow Richaud-Degert type which is not 5 modulo 8 with class number two (Q1011678): Difference between revisions

Let \(d=n^2+r\), \(d \neq 5\), be a positive square free integer satisfying \(r | 4n\) and \(-n < r \leq n\). We call the real quadratic field \(K=\mathbb Q(\sqrt{d})\) Richaud-Degert type. Specially if \(|r| \in \{1,4\}\), then \(K=\mathbb Q(\sqrt{d})\) is called a narrow Richaud-Degert type. Otherwise, it is called a wide Richaud-Degert type.The fundamental units of real quadratic fields of Richaud-Degert type are well known. As an analogue of Gauss class number problem for imaginary quadratic fields, many people wanted to determine all the real quadratic fields of Richaud-Degert type with a given class number. For an example, Mollin and Williams classified all the real quadratic fields of Richaud-Degert type of class number 1 under the assumption of the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH). In [Acta Arith. 106, No. 1, 85--104 (2003; Zbl 1154.11338) and Acta Arith. 107, No. 2, 179--194 (2003; Zbl 1154.11339)], \textit{A. Biró} developed a method to determine the real quadratic fields of Richaud-Degert type with class number 1 without GRH and using the method, completely classified certain real quadratic fields of Richaud-Degert type with class number 1. Extending his method, in [Acta Arith. 126, No. 2, 99--114 (2007; Zbl 1125.11059)], the author with \textit{D. Byeon} and \textit{M. Kim} completely determined all the real quadratic fields of narrow Richaud-Degert type with class number 1, in [Acta Arith. 140, No. 1, 1--29 (2009; Zbl 1241.11124)], the author completely determined all the real quadratic fields of Richaud-Degert type whose discriminant is not congruent to 5 modulo 8 with class number 1 and in [J. Number Theory 128, No. 4, 865--883 (2008; Zbl 1167.11036)], the author with \textit{D. Byeon} completely determined certain narrow real quadratic fields of Richaud-Degert type with class number 2. As a series work of this direction, in this paper the author develops very carefully the skill of the computing the special values of Dedekind zeta function and using these values, completely classifies all the narrow real quadratic fields of Richaud-Degert type whose discriminant is not congruent to 5 modulo 8 with class number 2.