Diagonal-preserving gauge-invariant isomorphisms of graph \(C^{\ast}\)-algebras (Q2404087): Difference between revisions

It is well known that the properties of the Cuntz-Krieger algebra \(\mathcal{O}_A\) of a finite square matrix \(A\in M_N(\{ 0, 1\})\) are closely connected to the properties of the one- and two-sided subshifts \(X_A\) and \(\overline{X}_A\). More concretely, in [Invent. Math. 56, 251--268 (1980; Zbl 0434.46045)], \textit{J. Cuntz} and \textit{W. Krieger} showed that, under mild extra hypotheses on the matrix \(A\), that the existence of a conjugacy/flow equivalence \(X_A\sim X_B\) (or of a conjugacy \(\overline{X}_A\sim \overline{X}_B\)) implies the existence of diagonal-preserving isomorphisms \(\mathcal{O}_A\cong \mathcal{O}_B\) (or \(\mathcal{O}_A\otimes \mathcal{K}\cong \mathcal{O}_B\otimes \mathcal{K}\)) intertwining the gauge actions of both algebras. In [Kyoto J. Math. 54, No. 4, 863--877 (2014; Zbl 1320.46055)], \textit{K. Matsumoto} and \textit{H. Matui} highlighted these relations by proving converses of some of the above mentioned results; the strategy used by them was to relate this connection to the existence of isomorphisms between the corresponding matrix groupoids \(\mathcal{G}_A\) and \(\mathcal{G}_B\). This kind of question naturally extends to the context of graph \(C^*\)-algebras. In the paper under review, the authors use the graph groupoid associated to each graph \(C^*\)-algebra to study diagonal-preserving isomorphisms between these algebras intertwining generalized gauge actions. When they restrict their attention to classical gauge actions, they recover Matsumoto and Matui's [loc. cit.] results. The main results of the paper are: Theorem 3.1. Let \(E\) and \(F\) be directed graphs and \(k: E^1\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) and \(l: F^1\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) functions. Then the following are equivalent:{\parindent=0.7cm \begin{itemize}\item[1.] There is an isomorphism \(\Phi: \mathcal{G}_E \rightarrow \mathcal{G}_F\) satisfying \(c_l(\Phi(\eta))=c_k(\eta)\) for \(\eta \in \mathcal{G}_E\). \item[2.] There is a \(\ast\)-isomorphism \(\Psi: C^*(E)\rightarrow C^*(F)\) satisfying \(\Psi(\mathcal{D}(E))=\mathcal{D}(F)\) and \(\gamma_t^{F,l}\circ \Psi =\Psi \circ \gamma_t^{E,k}\) for \(t\in \mathbb{R}\). \end{itemize}} Here, \(c_k:\mathcal{G}_E \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) denotes the continuous cocycle \(c_k(\mu x, | \mu| -| \nu |, \nu x):= k(\mu)-k(\nu)\), and \(\gamma^{E,k}: \mathbb{R}\rightarrow \text{Aut}(C^*(E))\) denotes the generalized gauge action given by \(\gamma_t^{E,k}(p_v):=p_v\) for \(v\in E^0\) and \(\gamma_t^{E,k}(s_e)=e^{ik(e)t}s_e\) for \(e\in E^1\). Theorem 3.3. Let \(E\) and \(F\) be directed graphs and \(k: E^1\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) and \(l: F^1\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) functions. Then the following are equivalent:{\parindent=0.7cm\begin{itemize}\item[1.] There is an isomorphism \(\Phi: \mathcal{G}_{SE} \rightarrow \mathcal{G}_{SF}\) satisfying \(c_{\overline{l}}(\Phi(\eta))=c_{\overline{k}}(\eta)\) for \(\eta \in \mathcal{G}_{SE}\). \item[2.] There is a \(\ast\)-isomorphism \(\Psi: C^*(E)\otimes \mathcal{K}\rightarrow C^*(F)\otimes \mathcal{K}\) satisfying \(\Psi(\mathcal{D}(E)\otimes \mathcal{C})=\mathcal{D}(F)\otimes \mathcal{C}\) and \((\gamma_t^{F,l}\otimes \operatorname{Id}_{\mathcal{K}})\circ \Psi =\Psi \circ (\gamma_t^{E,k}\otimes \operatorname{Id}_{\mathcal{K}})\) for \(t\in \mathbb{R}\). \end{itemize}} Here, \(SE\) is the graph obtained by attaching a head to each vertex of the graph \(E\), and \(\mathcal{C}\) is the maximal abelian subalgebra of \(\mathcal {K}\) consisting of diagonal operators. Theorem 4.1. Let \(E\) and \(F\) be directed graphs. Then the following are equivalent:{\parindent=0.7cm\begin{itemize}\item[1.] There is an isomorphism \(\Phi: \mathcal{G}_E \rightarrow \mathcal{G}_F\) satisfying \(c_F(\Phi(\eta))=c_E(\eta)\) for \(\eta \in \mathcal{G}_E\). \item[2.] There is a \(\ast\)-isomorphism \(\Psi: C^*(E)\rightarrow C^*(F)\) satisfying \(\Psi(\mathcal{D}(E))=\mathcal{D}(F)\) and \(\lambda_z^{F}\circ \Psi =\Psi \circ \lambda_z^{E}\) for \(z\in \mathbb{T}\). \end{itemize}} Here, \(c_E:\mathcal{G}_E \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}\) denotes the standard cocycle, and \(\lambda^E: \mathbb{T}\rightarrow \text{Aut}(C^*(E))\) denotes the standard gauge action.