Multiple periodic solutions of delay differential systems with \(2k-1\) lags via variational approach (Q321603): Difference between revisions
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The paper considers a nonlinear system of delay differential equations of the form \[ \dot x(t)=-\sum_{k=1}^{n}\nabla F(x(t-k)),\tag{DS} \] where \(x\in\mathbb R^N\), \(F\in C^1(\mathbb R^N,\mathbb R)\), and the gradient of the function \(F\) satisfies \(\nabla F(-x)=-\nabla F(x).\) System (DS) is assumed to be asymptotically constant in the sense that \[ \nabla F(x)=A_\infty+o(|x|)\text{ as }|x|\to\infty\text{ and }\nabla F(x)=A_0+o(|x|)\text{ as }|x|\to0, \] where \(A_\infty\) and \(A_0\) are constant symmetric matrices. Sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of period \(4k\) are established where \(n=2k-1\) must hold. The solutions are symmetric in the sense that \(x(t-2k)=-x(t)\) \(\forall t\in\mathbb R.\) A lower estimate for the number of different symmetric periodic solutions is given in terms of eigenvalues of the matrices \(A_\infty\) and \(A_0\). Two illustrative examples are considered of two-dimensional systems (DS). | |||
Property / review text: The paper considers a nonlinear system of delay differential equations of the form \[ \dot x(t)=-\sum_{k=1}^{n}\nabla F(x(t-k)),\tag{DS} \] where \(x\in\mathbb R^N\), \(F\in C^1(\mathbb R^N,\mathbb R)\), and the gradient of the function \(F\) satisfies \(\nabla F(-x)=-\nabla F(x).\) System (DS) is assumed to be asymptotically constant in the sense that \[ \nabla F(x)=A_\infty+o(|x|)\text{ as }|x|\to\infty\text{ and }\nabla F(x)=A_0+o(|x|)\text{ as }|x|\to0, \] where \(A_\infty\) and \(A_0\) are constant symmetric matrices. Sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of period \(4k\) are established where \(n=2k-1\) must hold. The solutions are symmetric in the sense that \(x(t-2k)=-x(t)\) \(\forall t\in\mathbb R.\) A lower estimate for the number of different symmetric periodic solutions is given in terms of eigenvalues of the matrices \(A_\infty\) and \(A_0\). Two illustrative examples are considered of two-dimensional systems (DS). / rank | |||
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Property / reviewed by | |||
Property / reviewed by: Anatoli F. Ivanov / rank | |||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID | |||
Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 34K13 / rank | |||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID | |||
Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 58E50 / rank | |||
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Property / zbMATH DE Number | |||
Property / zbMATH DE Number: 6638745 / rank | |||
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Property / zbMATH Keywords | |||
autonomous delay differential systems | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: autonomous delay differential systems / rank | |||
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symmetric periodic solutions | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: symmetric periodic solutions / rank | |||
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existence of multiple solutions | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: existence of multiple solutions / rank | |||
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variational approach | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: variational approach / rank | |||
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critical points | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: critical points / rank | |||
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Revision as of 03:04, 28 June 2023
scientific article
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English | Multiple periodic solutions of delay differential systems with \(2k-1\) lags via variational approach |
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Multiple periodic solutions of delay differential systems with \(2k-1\) lags via variational approach (English)
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14 October 2016
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The paper considers a nonlinear system of delay differential equations of the form \[ \dot x(t)=-\sum_{k=1}^{n}\nabla F(x(t-k)),\tag{DS} \] where \(x\in\mathbb R^N\), \(F\in C^1(\mathbb R^N,\mathbb R)\), and the gradient of the function \(F\) satisfies \(\nabla F(-x)=-\nabla F(x).\) System (DS) is assumed to be asymptotically constant in the sense that \[ \nabla F(x)=A_\infty+o(|x|)\text{ as }|x|\to\infty\text{ and }\nabla F(x)=A_0+o(|x|)\text{ as }|x|\to0, \] where \(A_\infty\) and \(A_0\) are constant symmetric matrices. Sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of period \(4k\) are established where \(n=2k-1\) must hold. The solutions are symmetric in the sense that \(x(t-2k)=-x(t)\) \(\forall t\in\mathbb R.\) A lower estimate for the number of different symmetric periodic solutions is given in terms of eigenvalues of the matrices \(A_\infty\) and \(A_0\). Two illustrative examples are considered of two-dimensional systems (DS).
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autonomous delay differential systems
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symmetric periodic solutions
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existence of multiple solutions
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variational approach
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critical points
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