Eichler integrals for Maass cusp forms of half-integral weight (Q405400): Difference between revisions

Let \(\sigma\) be a real number to be considered as a spectral parameter, \(k\) be an half-integer as a weight and \(v:\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb Z)\to\mathbb S^1\) a multiplier compatible with the weight \(k\) (in case \(k\) is an integer the map \(v\) is simply a morphism). Let us define the three unimodular integer matrices \(S=\begin{pmatrix} 0&-1\\1&0\end{pmatrix}\), \(T=\begin{pmatrix} 1&1\\0&1\end{pmatrix}\) and \(T'={}^tT\). Let \({\mathcal H}(\Omega)\) be the space of holomorphic functions \(h\) on the open set \(\Omega\subset\mathbb C\) with the bound \(h(z)={\mathcal O}(\min(1,|z|^{-1}))\) on \(\Omega\cap \{\Re e\, z>0\}\). Let \(M_{\sigma, k,v}\) be the space of Maass cusp forms determined by \(\sigma,k,v\): in particular, any \(u\in M_{\sigma, k,v}\), defined on \(\{z=x+iy, y>0\}\), is an eigenform for the Laplace-Beltrami operator \(-y^2(\partial_x^2+\partial_y^2)+iky\partial _x\) with eigenvalue \(1/4+\sigma^2\). The main result of this paper is the definition of two linear maps \({\mathcal P}_j: M_{\sigma, k,v}\to {\mathcal H}(\Omega_j),j=1,2\) and a isomorphism \({\mathcal P}_{21}:{\mathcal H}(\Omega_1)\to {\mathcal H}(\Omega_2)\) such that \({\mathcal P}_{21}\circ {\mathcal P}_{1}={\mathcal P}_{2}\): each transform \({\mathcal P}_j(u)\) for \(u\in M_{\sigma, k,v}\) satisfies functional equations. For the map \({\mathcal P}_1\), \(\Omega_1=\mathbb C\setminus\mathbb R\) and any function \(f\in {\mathcal P}_1(M_{\sigma, k,v})\) satisfies the functional equation \(f\circ T=v(T)f\) while the function \(z\in\Omega_1\mapsto f(z)-v(S)z^{2i\sigma-1}f(Sz)\) extends holomorphically across the positive axis. For the map \({\mathcal P}_2\), \(\Omega_2=\mathbb C\setminus\mathbb R_{\leq0}\) and any function \(P\in {\mathcal P}_2(M_{\sigma, k,v})\) satisfies the functional equation \(P(z)=v(T)^{-1}P(Tz)+v(T')^{-1}(1+z)^{2i\sigma-1} P(T'z)\) for \(z\in\Omega_2\). The maps \({\mathcal P}_j\) are integral transformations, \textit{à la} Eichler and Lewis: their construction is based on the kernel \(R_{k,\sigma}(z,\zeta):= \left(\frac{\sqrt{\zeta-z}} {\sqrt{\zeta-\overline{z}}}\right)^{-k}\left( \frac{|\Im m\,z|}{(\zeta-z)(\zeta-\overline{z})}\right)^{1/2-i\sigma}\) and a Maass-Selberg differential form. The framework of this paper is analog to the Eichler-Shimura-Manin theory giving \(\mathbb Q\)-isomorphisms between holomorphic cusp forms for \(\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb Z)\) of even degree and period polynomials obeying appropriate functional equations (see for instance \textit{W. Kohnen} and \textit{D. Zagier} [Modular forms, Symp. Durham/Engl. 1983, 197--249 (1983; Zbl 0618.10019)]). This paper aims to extend the recent work by \textit{J. Lewis} and \textit{D. Zagier} [Ann. Math. (2) 153, No. 1, 191--258 (2001; Zbl 1061.11021)] where the so-called period correspondence is established as a linear isomorphism between Maass cusp forms (with trivial multiplier \(v\) and weight \(k=0\)) and the period holomorphic functions. Finally, the authors discuss this period correspondence for various types of cusp forms: the description of the ranges for the maps \({\mathcal P}_j,j=1,2\) defined here and their isomorphism character remain open questions.