On asymptotic properties of matrix semigroups with an invariant cone (Q442681): Difference between revisions

Two joint spectral characteristics are studied for finitely generated matrix semigroups, when the matrices share one or two invariant cones. For a bounded set \(\Sigma\in{\mathbb R}^{n\times n}\), these characteristics are the joint spectral radius \(\rho(\Sigma)\) and the joint spectral subradius \(\check{\rho}(\Sigma)\) respectively, \[ \rho(\Sigma)=\displaystyle\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}\sup\{\parallel A_1\cdots A_t\parallel^{1/t}: A_i\in\Sigma\},\;\check{\rho}(\Sigma)=\displaystyle\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}\inf\{\parallel A_1\cdots A_t\parallel^{1/t}: A_i\in\Sigma\}. \] It is well-known that \(\rho(\Sigma)\) is continuous w.r.t. the Hausdorff distance, but \(\check{\rho}(\Sigma)\) is not continuous. In this paper the continuity of the joint spectral subradius is proved in the neighborhood of sets of matrices that leave an embedded pair of cones invariant. A convex closed cone \(K'\) is embedded in a cone \(K\subset{\mathbb R}^{n\times n}\) if \((K'\setminus\{0\})\subset\text{int} K\) and in this case one says that \(\{K,K'\}\) is an embedded pair. The main theorem states that if \(\Sigma\) is a compact set in \({\mathbb R}^{n\times n}\) which leaves an embedded pair of cones invariant and \((\Sigma_k)\) is a sequence of sets in \({\mathbb R}^{n\times n}\) that converges to \(\Sigma\) in the Hausdorff metric, then \(\check{\rho}(\Sigma_k)\rightarrow\check{\rho}(\Sigma)\) as \(k\rightarrow\infty\). The author denotes by \(\Sigma^t\) the set of products of length \(t\) of matrices from the bounded set \(\Sigma\) of matrices which leave a cone \(K\) invariant. He proves that if there exists \(A\in \Sigma\) which is \(K\)-primitive (i.e. \(\exists m\in{\mathbb N}\) such that \(A^m(K\setminus\{0\})\subset\text{int} K\)), then both the maximal trace \(\displaystyle\max_{A\in\Sigma^t}\{\text{tr}^{1/t}(A)\}\) and the averaged maximal spectral radius \(\displaystyle\max_{A\in\Sigma^t}\{\rho^{1/t}(A)\}\) converge to the joint spectral radius as \(t\rightarrow\infty\).