One-sided approximation of functions (Q5915423)

For \(1<p<\infty\) let \(W_{p}(K) \subset C[ 0,2\pi] \) denote the class of functions of the form \[ f(x) =c+\frac {1}{\pi}\int_{0}^{2\pi}K(x-t) \varphi(t) dt,\tag{1} \] where \(K\in L_{q}[ 0,2\pi] \) and \(\varphi\) belongs to the space \(L_{p}[ 0,2\pi] \) of \(2\pi\)-periodic functions. Here, as usual, \(1/p+1/q=1,\) \(1\leq p\leq\infty.\) Denote by \(W_{p}^{0}(K) \) the class of functions of the form (1) in the case when \(\varphi\in L_{p}[ 0,2\pi] \) satisfies the supplementary condition \(\int_{0}^{2\pi}\varphi(x) dx=0.\) Let \(E_{n}(K)_{q}=\inf_{T_{n-1}}\|K-T_{n-1}\|_{q}\) be the best approximation of \(K\) by trigonometric polynomials \(T_{n-1}(x) =\frac{a_{0}}{2}+\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}(a_{k}\cos kx+b_{k}\sin kx) \) of degree \(\leq n-1\). Let \(E_{n}^{\pm}(f)_{1}\) denote the best approximation of \(K\) by polynomials \(T_{n-1}\geq f\) (respectively \(T_{n-1}\leq f\)) and let \(\sup\{ E_{n}^{\pm}(f)_{1}:f\in W_{p}(K) \} =E_{n}^{\pm}(W_{p}(K))_{1}\). The author proves that \(E_{n}^{+}(W_{p}^{0}(K))_{1}=2E_{n}(K)_{2}\) (Theorem 1), and that for any continuous function \(K\) the best approximation polynomials from above \(T_{n-1}^{+}\) and from below \(T_{n-1}^{-}\)with respect to the metric \(L_{1}[ 0,2\pi] \) are \(T_{n-1}^{\pm}(K,x) =\pm E_{n}(K)_{\infty}+T_{n-1}(K,x) \) (Theorem 2).