Corner collision implies border-collision bifurcation (Q5938408)

The authors analyze the behaviour of trajectories to a piecewise smooth differential system of the form: \[ x'=\begin{cases} F_1(x,t) & \text{if } x\in S_1:=\mathbb{R}^n\setminus S_2, \;t\in \mathbb{R},\\ F_2(x,t) & \text{if } x\in S_2:=\{x\in \mathbb{R}^n; \quad H_j(x)<0, \;j=1,2\}, \end{cases} \] in a neighbourhood of a (``corner collision'') point \(p(0)=c\in {\mathcal C}:= \{x\in \mathbb{R}^n\); \(H_1(x)=H_2(x)=0\}\) through which a trajectory \(p(.)\) passes while remaining in region \(S_1\) and intersecting the discontinuity surfaces \(\Sigma_j:=\{x\in \mathbb{R}^n\); \(H_j(x)=0\}, \;j=1,2\), only at the point \(p(0)=c\). Assuming the ``slope conditions'' \(\langle F_i,\nabla H_1\rangle<0\), \(\langle F_i,\nabla H_2\rangle>0\), \(i=1,2\), at the point \(c\in {\mathcal C}\) and using Taylor expansions, the authors obtain certain first-order approximations to the so-called ``zero-time discontinuity mappings'' (ZDM), to the Poincaré-section discontinuity mapping (PDM) and also to the global Poincaré mapping in the case \(p(.)\) is a periodic orbit. The theory is illustrated on two examples for which the ``discontinuity mappings'' may be computed directly from the explicit description of the trajectories.