The unique extremality counterexample (Q1271308)

The author constructs a counterexample for a uniquely extremal quasiconformal mapping \(f=f(z)\) of the unit disk \(\Delta\) onto itself. This counterexample shows that not all uniquely extremal quasiconformal mappings \(f\) satisfy the equation \(f_{\overline z}(z)/f_z(z)= k\overline {\varphi(z)}/ | \varphi(z)|\) a.e. in \(\Delta\) with a constant \(k\) and a function \(\varphi= \varphi(z)\) being holomorphic in \(\Delta\). The first counterexample of this kind was given by \textit{V. Bozhin}, \textit{N. Lakic}, \textit{V. Marković} and \textit{M. Mateljević} [J. Anal. Math. 75, 299-338 (1998)]. The counterexample in the present paper satisfies \(| f_{\overline z} (z)/f_z(z)|=k\) a.e. in \(\Delta \setminus A\) and \(f_{\overline z} (z)=0\) in \(A\), where \(0<k<1\) is a constant and \(A\) denotes a connected compact subset of \(\Delta\) with empty interior that has positive two-dimensional measure. Furthermore, \(A\) does not disconnect \(\Delta\). The construction of the counterexample in this paper is done in a direct way and shows the reader where the essence of the proof lies.