A category equivalence for odd Sugihara monoids and its applications (Q1934971)

The main result of this paper shows that odd Sugihara monoids are categorically equivalent to the variety of relative Stone algebras. The authors prove the categorical equivalence not only using McKenzie's general characterization of categorically equivalent pairs of varieties, but they also construct the equivalence functor explicitly. The bridge theorem is the following one, known as a useful tool for substructural logics to show the algebraic property and its corresponding logical property: When a variety \(\mathcal{K}\) is the algebraic counterpart of a deductive system, \(\vdash\) has the metalogical property \(P\) iff \(\mathcal{K}\) has the algebraic property \(Q\). Combining the known results obtained by applying the bridge theorem and that odd Sugihara monoids and relative Stone algebras are categorically equivalent, the authors show the following: 1. The variety of odd Sugihara monoids has the strong amalgamation property (AP), and therefore the strong epimorphism-surjectivity (ES) property via the bridge theorem. 2. The variety of bounded odd Sugihara monoids has the strong AP, and therefore the strong ES property. 3. Every subvariety of odd Sugihara monoids or of bounded odd Sugihara monoids is a variety. 4. Every variety of Brouwerian or Heyting algebras has the weak ES property. 5. Every variety of odd Sugihara monoids or bounded odd Sugihara monoids has the weak ES property. 6. Let \(\mathcal{K}\) be a proper subvariety of the odd Sugihara monoids. The following conditions are equivalent: {\parindent=0.8cm\begin{itemize}\item[{\(\mathcal{K}\)}] has the strong ES property iff it is generated by \(Z_{1}\) or by \(Z_{3}\) or by \(Z_{5}\). \item[{\(\mathcal{K}\)}] has the AP iff it is generated by \(Z_{1}\) or by \(Z_{3}\), in which case it has the strong AP. \end{itemize}} 7. For any proper subvariety of the bounded odd Sugihara monoids, the following conditions are equivalent:{\parindent=0.8cm\begin{itemize}\item[{\(\mathcal{K}\)}] has the strong ES property. \item[{\(\mathcal{K}\)}] is generated by \(Z_{1}^{\bot}\) or by \(Z_{3}^{\bot}\) or by \(Z_{5}^{\bot}\). \item[{\(\mathcal{K}\)}] has the AP. \item[{\(\mathcal{K}\)}] has the strong AP. \end{itemize}} 8. Every extension of IUML or of \(\mathrm{IUML}^{*}\) has the finite Beth property for deduction. 9. If an extension of IUML or of \(\mathrm{IUML}^{*} \) has the deductive interpolation property, then it has the projective Beth property for deduction. 10. An extension of IUML (resp. \(\mathrm{IUML}^{*}\)) has the projective Beth property for deduction iff it is IUML (resp. \(\mathrm{IUML}^{*}\)) or \(\mathrm{IUML}_{2n+1} \)(resp. \(\mathrm{IUML}_{2n+1}^{*}\)) for some \(n\in \{0,1,2\}\). Of these eight systems, only \(\mathrm{IUML}_{5}^{*}\) lacks the deductive interpolation property. This paper gives new aspects of the relationship between logics and their corresponding algebraic structures using both categorical equivalence and the bridge theorem, which is known to be a very meaningful method for substructural logics. Finally, the reviewer is convinced that the deep analysis of the constructed functor will play an important role for deep insights into the subvarieties of the odd Sugihara monoids.