Bourgain-Brézis-Mironescu formula for magnetic operators (Q2630181)

Let \(A:\mathbb{R}^N\to\mathbb{R}^N\) be \(C^2\), and let \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N\) be a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary. The main theorem of the present paper says that \[ \begin{aligned} & \lim_{s\nearrow 1}(1-s)\int_\Omega\int_\Omega \frac{|u(x)-e^{i(x-y)A({\frac{x+y}{2}})}u(y)|^2}{|x-y|^{N+2s}}\,dx\, dy\\ & =K_N\int_\Omega|\nabla u-iA(x)u|^2\, dx\end{aligned} \] for all \(u\in H^1_A(\Omega)\). Here, \(K_N>0\) is an explicitly given constant, and the space \(H^1_A(\Omega)\) consists of all \(u\in L^2(\Omega)\) such that the integral on the right is finite. This is a ``magnetic'' version of the result from \textit{J. Bourgain} et al. [J. Anal. Math. 87, 77--101 (2002; Zbl 1029.46030)].