Hopf bifurcation and steady-state bifurcation for an autocatalysis reaction-diffusion model (Q413241)

Consider the following dimensionless autocatalysis model \[ \begin{cases} u_{t}-d_1\Delta u=a-uv^p,\\ v_{t}-d_2\Delta v=uv^p-v, \end{cases} \] for \((x,t)\in\Omega\times (0,\infty)\), under the Neumann boundary condition \({\partial u\over \partial \nu}={\partial v\over \partial \nu}=0\) on \(\partial \Omega\times (0,\infty)\) and the initial condition \(u(x,0)=u_0(x), v(x,0)=v_0(x)\) on \(\Omega\). Here \(u,v\) represent the densities of reactant and autocatalyst, respectively, \(\Omega\) is a bounded domain in \(\mathbb R^N\) with smooth boundary \(\partial \Omega\), \(\nu\) is the unit outward normal to \(\partial \Omega\), and \(a, p, d_1, d_2\) are positive constants. Using \(a\) as a bifurcation parameter, the authors show that the system undergoes Hopf bifurcation at the critical values \(a=a_k:=[p-1-(d_1+d_2)k^2]^{1/p}\) for integer values of \(k\) such that \(p-1>(d_1+d_2)k^2\). Stability of the bifurcating solutions and bifurcation for the corresponding steady-state (elliptic) system are also considered. Numerical simulation is performed to validate the analytical results.