Primitivity of generalized circulant Boolean matrices (Q1908188)

Let \(G_n\) be the semigroup of \(n \times n\) generalized circulant Boolean matrices and \(G(J_n)\) the set of all primitive matrices in \(G_n\). The paper gives necessary and sufficient conditions for an \(r\)-circulant Boolean matrix to be a primitive matrix. The authors also show that \(G (J_n)\) is a subsemigroup of \(G_n\).